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SRHR, Family planning/contraception. - Coggle Diagram
SRHR
HIV and AIDS
HIV remains a major global public health issue, having claimed an estimated 44.1 million lives to date. Transmission is ongoing in all countries globally.
There were an estimated 40.8 million people living with HIV at the end of 2024, 65% of whom are in the WHO African Region.
In 2024, an estimated 630 000 people died from HIV-related causes and an estimated 1.3 million people acquired HIV.
There is no cure for HIV infection. However, with access to effective HIV prevention, diagnosis, treatment and care, including for opportunistic infections, HIV infection has become a manageable chronic health condition, enabling people living with HIV to lead long and healthy lives.
WHO, the Global Fund and UNAIDS all have global HIV strategies that are aligned with the SDG target 3.3 of ending the HIV epidemic by 2030.
By 2025, 95% of all people living with HIV should have a diagnosis, 95% of whom should be taking lifesaving antiretroviral treatment, and 95% of people living with HIV on treatment should achieve a suppressed viral load for the benefit of the person’s health and for reducing onward HIV transmission. In 2024, these percentages were 87%, 89%, and 94% respectively.
In 2024, of all people living with HIV, 87% knew their status, 77% were receiving antiretroviral therapy and 73% had suppressed viral loads.
STIS
More than 1 million curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are acquired every day worldwide in people 15–49 years old, the majority of which are asymptomatic.
An estimated 520 million people aged 15–49 years (13%) worldwide have herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection, the main cause of genital herpes (1).
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with over 311 000 cervical cancer deaths each year (2).
1.1 million pregnant women were estimated to be infected with syphilis in 2022, resulting in over 390 000 adverse birth outcomes.
STIs have a direct impact on sexual and reproductive health through stigmatization, infertility, cancers and pregnancy complications and can increase the risk of HIV.
In 2020 there were an estimated 374 million new infections in people 15–49 years with 1 of 4 curable STIs: chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis and trichomoniasis.
An estimated 8 million adults between 15 and 49 years old were infected with syphilis in 2022.
Drug resistance is a major threat to reducing the burden of STIs worldwide.
Edometriosis
It is a chronic disease associated with severe, life-impacting pain during periods, sexual intercourse, bowel movements and/or urination, chronic pelvic pain, abdominal bloating, nausea, fatigue, and sometimes depression, anxiety, and infertility.
There is currently no known cure for endometriosis and treatment is usually aimed at controlling symptoms.
Endometriosis affects roughly 10% (190 million) of reproductive age women and girls globally.
Access to early diagnosis and effective treatment of endometriosis is important, but is limited in many settings, including in low- and middle-income countries.
Abortion
However, around 45% of abortions are unsafe.
Abortion is a common health intervention. It is very safe when carried out using a method recommended by WHO, appropriate to the pregnancy duration and by someone with the necessary skills.
Lack of access to safe, timely, affordable and respectful abortion care is a critical public health and human rights issue.
Six out of 10 unintended pregnancies end in induced abortion.
Unsafe abortion is an important preventable cause of maternal deaths and morbidities. It can lead to physical and mental health complications and social and financial burdens for women, communities and health systems.
Family planning/contraception.
Among the 1.9 billion women of reproductive age (15–49 years) worldwide in 2021, 1.1 billion have a need for family planning; of these, 874 million are using modern contraceptive methods, and 164 million have an unmet need for contraception(1).
Access to contraception supports the fundamental human right to decide freely and responsibly the number and spacing of children. It also provides significant health benefits by preventing unintended pregnancies and reducing related health risks.
Many different contraceptive options are available to prevent unintended pregnancy, including both temporary (reversible) and permanent methods.
Only one contraceptive method, condoms, can prevent both pregnancy and the transmission of sexually transmitted infections, including HIV.