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Diabetes Mellitus - Coggle Diagram

- - - - results in a lack of insulin production
- - - - Monitors have mow been invented which can be attached to a patient and can continuously monitor a patients glucose levels and alert them if they are falling outside the acceptible range
    - - Colour change
        
        Glucose oxidase and then peroxidase enzymes are used to react with the glucose and form a coloured compound. The degree of colour change is directly proportional to blood glucose concentration and can be measured by eye or with a colourimeter for more accurate results
      - measuring conductivity
        
        Instead of measuring by colour change, blood glucose levels can also be quantified by finding the amount of H2O2 produced by the glucose oxidase by using a device to measure the elctrical conductivity of the solution.
  - - - any level over 126 mg/dL on two separate tests indicates diabetes
    - - Unexplained weightloss
      - Increased apetite
        
        Both caused by cells being unable to uptake glucose therefore you are no longer storing glucose and are using your fat stores so you lose weight and at the same time your apetite increases because your body can't absorb the nutrients you are eating.
      - Increased thirst
      - excessive urination
        
        These symptoms are all caused by the inability of your kidneys to filter out the high concentrations of glucose in your blood
      - glucose in urine
- - - - Regular monitoring of blood glucose and the use of insulin or high sugar foods to stabiilise blood glucose levels
      - Vigilance of blood glucose levels after a big meal
      - Avoidance of high G.I. (glycemic index) foods which cause large blood sugar fluctuations
  - - - Increased excercise
      - Decrease sugar consumption
      - blood sugar lowering medication