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Educational Laws 4 - Verónica Rivera 8-944-452 - Coggle Diagram
Educational Laws 4 - Verónica Rivera 8-944-452
Organic Law on Education
This unit covers the historical evolution of education in Panama, the hierarchy of legal documents governing it, and a detailed study of the content and formation of educational laws, particularly focusing on Law 47 of 1946 and its subsequent modifications.
History
Key milestones include the creation of the first Normal School for Men in 1872 , the 1904 Political Constitution and Law 11 of 1904 (Organic Law of Public Instruction) , and the significant Law 47 of 1946 (Organic Law of Education).
The late 20th century saw educational reforms (e.g., 1975 reform repealed in 1979 ) and the approval of Law 34 in 1995, which amended Law 47, laying the groundwork for transforming the national educational system.
Law (Definition & Elements)
are
Organic (administrative content, regulating State activity and functions ) or
Ordinary (regulating specific cases ).
Laws have a
formal aspect (issued by the Legislative Power following constitutional procedures ) and a
material aspect (its content regulates multiple cases and is mandatory ).
Personnel Management (Part A)
This unit delves into the processes of appointments, transfers, and permanency for personnel within the Ministry of Education. It outlines the legal requirements and procedures governing these aspects of employment.
Key Concepts
Appointments: Aspiring educators must pass a competitive examination. Directorial and supervisory positions are filled through public calls.
Transfers: Educators can request transfers if they are permanently appointed and actively teaching
Permanency: Appointment types include interim (temporary, e.g., covering a leave ), probationary (two years, leading to permanent if satisfactory ), and permanent (granted after a satisfactory probationary period or after several years as interim in a permanent position ).
Resources and Funds
This unit focuses on the legal framework related to educational resources and funds, specifically mentioning Cabinet Decree 168 of 1971 and its modifications by various laws.
The unit refers to Cabinet Decree 168 of 1971, which was modified by Laws 13 and 16 of 1987, and by Laws 49 and 50 of 2002. It also touches upon funds administration and actual issues.
Personnel Management (Part B)
This unit details aspects of salary, attendance, vacations, licenses, and career/retirement regulations for educational personnel in Panama.
Key concepts
Salary: Secondary education professors are categorized by their university degrees (Professors with university teaching degree, Professors with university degree, Professors without university degree).
Assistance: Educational staff must register their professional titles with the Ministry of Education.
Vacations and Licenses: Staff are entitled to up to 15 days of paid leave per year for illness, bereavement, or other urgent proven cases.
Teaching Career and Retirement: The teaching career (carrera docente) is established by law, based on professional suitability, social projection, educational processes, and ethical/moral aspects.