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Merger, Political Independence: The only way the British would let go of…

- - - - Lacked natural resources.
      - Rapidly growing population in need of jobs.
      - Declining entrepôt trade.
    - - Introduced tariffs in 1950 on goods traded with Singapore.
      - Reduced trade between Malaya and Singapore.
      - Wanted to establish a common market (without tariffs or restrictions)
- - - - Malaya may lose representative in Internal Security Council
      - Lack of a colonial government
      - Concerned members sympathetic to communists may overtake PAP
      - Malaya could control communist threat in Singapore through merger
      - May influence other countries to adopt communism
    - - Ong Eng Guan fell out of favour within PAP due to not being in line with the party's directions.
      - Suspended for challenging PAP leadership, expelled, and forced to resign from Legislative Assembly.
      - Defeated PAP with 73.3% of vote as an independent candidate in Hong Lim by-election.
      - Displays increasing divide in PAP
        
        PAP: Moderate views and wants to being change gradually
        
        Ong: Radical views and pushed for drastic changes
        
        PAP may radicalise and establish a communist government forcefully
  - - - Own head of state and own election
      - Citizens are "federal nationals" (cannot vote in elections outside Singapore)
      - Pay Kuala Lumpur an agreed sum
      - Control over education, labour matters, and civil service
      - Federal Government oversees defence, internal security, and dealings with foreign government
- - - - The Internal Security Council detained >100 people, including Lim Chin Siong and 23 other Barisan Sosialis members
      - Caused the defeat of Barisan Sosialis in 1963 election