Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
A1.2- NUCLEIC ACIDS - Coggle Diagram
A1.2- NUCLEIC ACIDS
DNA VS. RNA
Sugar
Deoxyribose VS. Ribose
Bases
Thymine
VS. Uracil
Strands
Double VS. Single stranded
DNA
genetic material in all living organisms
DNA ≠ RNA (eg.viruses)
NUCLEOTIDES
pentose sugar + a phosphate group + nitrogenous base
1 STRAND OF DNA
pentose sugar of one nucleotide + phosphate of the next one LINKED BY COVALENT BONDS
VIA CONDENSATION REACTION
They form the BACKBONE
1 more item...
SUPER STRONG+ LONG STORAGE OF INFO
NUCLEIC ACIDS
4 nitrogenous bases
GA -Guanine and adenine
CT - Cytosine and thymine
RNA
NO THYMINE
CU- Cytosine and URACIL
deoxyribonucleic acid
COMPLEMENTARY BASE PAIRING
forms the basis for the genetic instructions
3 ROLES IN CELLS
DNA REPLICATION
TRANSCRIPTION
TRANSLATION
RNA
Ribonucleic acid
express the genetic instructions within a cell
protein synthesis
PENTOSE = RIBOSE
STRUCTURE OF DNA
double helix + antiparallel strands
run in opposite directions (antiparallel)
linked by hydrogen bonding between complementary base pairs
one strand acts as a template for the other strand
DIVERSITY OF BASE SEQUENCES IN DNA
Bases can be arranged in any sequence in DNA
DNA’s capacity to store information is effectively LIMITLESS
4 BASES
number of possible sequences is 4n
N= NUMBER OF BASES
STORAGE CAPACITY = ENDLESS
