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biology - respiratory system - Coggle Diagram
biology - respiratory system
nasal passage
adaptation
hairs on the walls of the nostrils and mucus from the mucus membrane helps to trap dust and foreign particles
small sensory cells in the mucus membrane help to detect harmful chemicals
air is warmed and moistened
function
takes in air from the surroundings
pharynx
larynx
trachea
adaptation
traps dust and bacteria
sweep the dust-trapped mucus into the trachea
function
the epithelium that lines the trachea, bronchus and bronchioles consist of gland cells and ciliated cells
gland cells produce mucus
ciliated cells have hair like structures called cilla
bronchi
bronchioles
alveoli
adaptation
provides a shorter diffusion distance for faster diffusion of gas
transports oxygen to the cells quickly, maintaining a steep diffusion gradient
to allow oxygen to dissolve into the lining of the alveoli
provides a large surface area for exchange of gases
function
one cell thick epithelium
a large network of capillaries
thin layer of moisture
large number of alveoli
in the lungs
constant flow of blood
cotinuous breathing that refreshes the air in the lungs constantly
maintains a steep concentration gradient