Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
9-10 - Coggle Diagram
9-10
Photosynthesis 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Light -> C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 6 H2O
Pathways
Light Reactions/Step 1
Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight, exciting electrons to higher energy levels.
Photolysis/Splitting of water molecules by light in PSII
Oxygen (O₂) released as waste,released as waste
Protons (H⁺),build proton gradient
Electron Transport Chain (ETC)/Series of proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons.
Electron energy pumps H⁺ into thylakoid space
creates proton gradient
difference in proton (H⁺ ion) concentration across a membrane
NADP⁺/ Empty electron carrier.
NADPH/Full carrier that stores high-energy electrons for the Calvin Cycle.
Calvin Cycle/Step 2
Carbon Fixation
3 more items...
Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)/Gas from atmosphere used as carbon source.
RuBP (Ribulose bisphosphate)/5-carbon molecule that starts the cycle.
Rubisco/Most abundant enzyme on Earth; catalyzes CO₂ fixation.
1 more item...
ATP Synthase
Enzyme that makes ATP as H⁺ ions flow through it.
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)/Energy molecule used for cellular work.
Chemiosmosis
OIL RIG
Oxidation Is Loss
Reduction Is Gain
Green pigment in thylakoids that absorbs light, primarily in blue/red wavelengths.
Light/Form of electromagnetic radiation
Pigments/light absorbing molecues
Chlorophyll A/Dominant Pigment
Absrobs Best Red & Violet Blue
Light is taken in by a surface
Spectrophometer/Measures pigments ability to Absorb
Reflects Green Wavelengths
Light bounces off a surface
Photons
Chloroplast/Plants only
double-membrane-bound organelle
Stroma/central fluid filled space
System of interconnected membranes/thylakoids
Granum/Stack of thylakoids
Photosystem II/pigment complex that captures light energy and excites electrons.
Building Up of Glucose/Only Plants perform
Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)
Cellular Respiration C6H12O6+6O2⟶6CO2+6H2O+Energy
Anabolic/Building Up
Endergonic/Uses Energy
Autotrophs/Producers/Algae
C3 plants EX Rice, Wheat Soybeans
Calvin Cycle Occurs During Day
C4 Plants EX Corn Surgarcane
Extra step in Carbon Fixation
CAM Plants EX Cacti
Stromata closed in daytime
Heterotrophs/Consumers/Human
Cellular Respiration C6H12O6+6O2⟶6CO2+6H2O+Energy
Pathways
Glycolysis Pathway/Multi-step process breaking glucose into pyruvate Step 1
Intermediate Step/Pyruvate Oxidation Step 2
Mitochondria/Synthesize ATP
Inner membrane/Folded layer inside
Outer Membrane/outer shell
Matrix/gel-like inner space
Intermembrane Space/The gap between the outer and inner membranes
Cristae/The folds of the inner membrane
Acetyl CoA/Coenzyme/Enters Cycle
Krebs Cycle/Citric Acid Cycle-2 Turns per Glucose Step 3
Oxaloacetate
Citric Acid/Name of cycle,first product of cycle
Electron Transport Chain & Oxidation Phosphorylation Step 4
5 more items...
6 Carbon
4 Carbon
C02 released
FADH2/Carries high-energy electrons from food and drops them off in the electron transport chain
Acetyl CoA
OIL RIG
Oxidation Is Loss
Pyruvate is Oxidized
Reduction Is Gain
NADH/High energy carrying
C02 is Exhaled/waste product
2 Pyruvate/3 Carbon Each
Pre curser to Acetyl CoA/Coenzyme
2 ATP
Anaerobic Respiration/Occurs without oxygen
Alcoholic Fermentation
Done in Lab
Products
Ethanol (C₂H₅OH)
Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)
NAD⁺
Lactic Acid Fermentation/Used in Muscles
Products
Lactic Acid (C₃H₆O₃)
NAD⁺
Most widespread evolutionary pathway
Requires 2 ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate
Energy molecule used for cellular work.
Regulated by Allosteric Enzyme
Allosteric Enzyme/regulated by molecules binding at a site other than the active site
Breaking Down of Glucose/All Organism perform
Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)
Main fuel source; broken down to release energy
Photosynthesis 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Light -> C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 6 H2O
Catabolic/Breakdown
Exergonic/Releases Energy