Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
History of Atomic Theories - Coggle Diagram
History of Atomic Theories
Proponent:
Max Planck
Model
:
Strong Points:
1.) Its
primary strength
is successfully explaining the blackbody radiation spectrum, a problem that classical physics couldn't solve.
Weak points:
1.) It initially treated energy quantization as an ad-hoc assumption.
2.) It
didn't fully address
the implications for other physical quantities, like momentum or angular momentum.
Proponent:
James Chadwick
Model:
Strong Points:
1.)The groundbreaking discovery of the neutron was made through this model. 2.) It explained the discrepancies in atomic mass and spin that previous models couldn't account for. 3.) The neutron's inclusion in the atomic model provided a more accurate representation of the atom's nucleus, leading to a more complete understanding of atomic structure.
Weak Points:
1.) While Chadwick's model explained the composition of the nucleus, it did not account for the behavior of electrons. 2.) It couldn't elucidate the complex behavior observed at the quantum level, such as electron orbits and energy levels.
Proponent:
Ernest Rutherford
Model:
Strong Points:
1.) This theory led to the discovery that atoms have a small, dense, positively charged nucleus at the center. This was discovered through the gold foil experiment.
2.) This also showed that most alpha particles passed straight through the foil, meaning the atom is mostly empty space, a concept still accepted today.
3.) He introduced the idea electrons orbiting the nucleus just like how planets orbit the sun.
Weak points:
1.) It fails to explain the stability of atoms, as electrons orbiting the nucleus should continuously lose energy and spiral into.
2.) It also couldn't account for the discrete, specific wavelengths of light emitted by atoms, predicting a continuous spectrum instead.
3.) The model doesn't explain how electrons were arranged around the nucleus or their energy levels.
Proponent:
Niels Bohr
Model:
Strong points:
1.) The model accurately predicted the wavelengths of light emitted by hydrogen, a significant achievement that supported the idea of quantized energy levels in atoms.
2.) Bohr's model proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus in specific, quantized energy levels, resolving the instability issues of Rutherford's model.
3.) Bohr's work laid the groundwork for the development of quantum mechanics, paving the way for more sophisticated atomic models.
Weak points:
1.) The model struggles to accurately predict the behavior of atoms with more than one electron, such as oxygen or iron.
2.) While the model incorporated quantum numbers, it didn't explain where they came from or their physical significance, unlike later quantum mechanical models.
3.) The model doesn't explain how atoms bond to form molecules or the three-dimensional structure of molecules.
Proponent:
Erwin Schrodinger
Model:
Strong Points:
1.) It treats electrons as waves, providing a more accurate description of electron behavior than previous models.
2.) It predicts the probability of finding an electron in a specific region using wave functions.
3.) The model introduces the concept of atomic orbitals, which are three-dimensional regions around the nucleus where electrons are most likely to be found.
Weak Points:
1.) it doesn't fully explain certain aspects of atomic behavior.
2.) The Schrödinger model primarily focuses on the electronic structure of the atom and doesn't delve into the composition or behavior of the nucleus itself.
3.) Limitations in explaining electron spin and magnetic properties
