Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Chapter 14 & 15 - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 14 & 15
Polyploidy
organism has more than 2 sets of chromosomes
more common in plants
Mendel's experiment
pleiotropy
1 gene affects multiple traits
epitasis
1 gene affects expression of another
Degrees of dominance
incomplete dominance
codominance dominant
multiple alleles
Test cross
monohybrid cross
when 1 trait is crossed
dihybrid cross
when 2 traits are crossed
Mutation
dublication
repeats a segment
inversion
reverses orientation of a segment within a chromosome
deletion
removes chromosomal fragment
translocation
moves segment from 1 chromosome to another
Testings
pedigree analysis
traces inheritance pettern
fetal testing
identifies abnormalities in fetus
Genetic recombination
produces offspring with new combinations of parental traits
crossing over during meiosis
Recombination +frequency= % of combinant offsprings
Aneuploidy
types
monosomic (1copy)
turner syndrome
trisomic(3 copies)
trisomy 21
leads to offspring with abnormal chromosome numbers
Chromosomes
XX
females
XY
males
sex-linked genes
located on sex chromosomes
X-linked
carried on X chromosome
carrier
female with 1 dominal and 1 recessive x linked allele
Gene
recessive
represented by lowercase letter
dominant
represented by a capital letter
blood types
B
BB or BO
AB
AB
A
AA or AO
O
O
Nondisjunction
pairs of homologous chromosomes do not separate during meiosis
linked genes
inherits together
located on the same chromosome
Genetic mapping
linkage map
genetic map based on recombination frequency
nap unit
genetic map
ordered list of gene (loci) on a chromosome
Law of segregation
Genotype
the set of genes an organism has
Phenotype
the traits you can see
Genetic imprinting
phenotype depends on which parent passed along the alleles