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Reasoning Strategy Questions Outline 4_5 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Wrong Answers: Irrelevant, support argument, or imply nonexistent flaws.
      - Second-Best Choice: Explains argument’s weakness, not specific flaw.
      - Correct Answer: Pinpoints specific flaw.
      - Question Stem: Identify flaw.
    - - Wrong Answers: Misidentify or label nonexistent parts.
      - Second-Best Choice: Identifies part less accurately.
      - Correct Answer: Accurately identifies role.
      - Question Stem: Identify function (e.g., premise, conclusion).
    - - Question Stem: Asks for role of part or flaw in reasoning.
      - Squib: 3-7 sentences presenting an argument.
  - - - Explanation: Likely identifies flawed assumption equating certainty to religion.
      - Correct Answer: D If the sentence were not true, then atheists would not have to take a leap of faith.
      - Question Stem: Role of “knowledge there is no God” is epistemiological impossibility.
      - Squib: Atheists’ certainty resembles religious belief, suggesting atheism is a religion.
    - - Explanation: Correlation may not hold.
      - Correct Answer: D (Assumes linear relationship without evidence).
      - Question Stem: Identify flaw.
      - Squib: Increased fishing time in August led to more fish; assumes linear correlation.
    - - Explanation: Reinforces need for good leadership.
      - Correct Answer: D (Proposition supporting conclusion).
      - Question Stem: Role of “system won’t bring good if run by evil people.”
      - Squib: Good leadership critical for society’s system to succeed.
    - - Explanation: Supports Gandhi’s broader impact.
      - Correct Answer: C (Subsidiary conclusion).
      - Question Stem: Role of “MLK Jr. influenced by Gandhi.”
      - Squib: Gandhi’s nonviolent methods influenced MLK Jr.’s civil rights protests.
    - - Explanation: Analogy doesn’t support fame strategy.
      - Correct Answer: E (Incomparable analogy between pop stars and shooting stars).
      - Question Stem: Identify flaw.
      - Squib: Fame fleeting unless sustained by stable base.
    - - Explanation: Focuses on corporations’ motives, not proposal’s merits.
      - Correct Answer: B (Attacks supporters, not proposal).
      - Question Stem: Identify flaw.
      - Squib: Proposal by Redface and Godpump unlikely to succeed based on past failures.
    - - Explanation: Asserts phenomena are hoaxes.
      - Correct Answer: A (Argument’s conclusion).
      - Question Stem: Role of “ghost was a hoax.”
      - Squib: Ghost stories and crop circles are hoaxes, per old man’s claim.
    - - Explanation: Advocates balanced approach.
      - Correct Answer: A (Conclusion of the argument).
      - Question Stem: Role of “society should find a middle ground.”
      - Squib: Gene therapy’s benefits restricted by fears of slippery slope.
    - - Explanation: Overgeneralizes beliefs within a religion.
      - Correct Answer: A (Assumes all members share identical beliefs).
      - Question Stem: Identify flaw.
      - Squib: Extreme views of fundamentalists reflect all members’ beliefs.
    - - Explanation: Similarity to ADP doesn’t ensure safety.
      - Correct Answer: D (Assumes safety without sufficient evidence).
      - Question Stem: Identify flaw.
      - Squib: Creatine’s popularity and similarity to ADP suggest safety, long-term effects unclear.
  - - - Question Stem: Identify flaw (states that he didn’t complete his task).
      - Squib: Abraham’s fall while observing seagulls; loss of contacts.
    - - Correct Answer: Premise supporting conclusion that Dave will lose business.
      - Question Stem: Role of “people hate to pay unfair prices.”
      - Squib: Dave’s shop dominant in Wichita County for 20 years, high prices may lead to lost business.