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Recognition of Students with Special Educational Needs in Colombia -…
Recognition of Students with Special Educational Needs in Colombia
Responsibilities of Educational Institutions
Guarantee access and permanence in education.
Implement inclusive policies and remove barriers to learning.
Develop and follow Individual Reasonable Adjustment Plans (PIAR).
Train teachers in inclusive practices and differentiated instruction.
Promote participation and equal opportunities.
Perceptions and Beliefs
Some educators still hold stigmatizing views.
Inclusive education is often seen as a challenge rather than an opportunity.
Increasing awareness of equity and diversity in education.
Belief in the potential of all learners is growing.
Types of Disabilities in Education
Physical Disabilities (e.g., mobility limitations)
Sensory Disabilities (e.g., visual, hearing)
Cognitive Disabilities (e.g., intellectual disability)
Psychosocial Disabilities (e.g., emotional or behavioral disorders)
Multiple Disabilities
PIAR (Individual Reasonable Adjustment Plan)
Personalized plan to adapt curriculum, assessments, and methods.
Aimed at eliminating learning barriers.
Involves teachers, families, and support staff.
Based on student’s needs, strengths, and context.
Barriers
Lack of teacher training.
Insufficient resources.
Inaccessible infrastructure.
Rigid curriculum.
Challenges
Changing mindsets.
Ensuring inter-institutional support.
Monitoring effectiveness of adaptations.
Strategies
Universal Design for Learning (UDL)
Use of assistive technologies
Peer support and collaborative learning
Teacher professional development
Policy enforcement and monitoring