Standards and Guidelines
Standards (e.g., ISO, ANSI, W3C) ensure compliance, often hardware-focused.
Guidelines aid early (abstract) or later (style guides) design stages.
Golden Rules/Heuristics:
Shneiderman’s 8: Consistency, shortcuts, feedback, closure, error prevention, reversibility, user control, reduce memory load.
Norman’s 7: Knowledge in world/head, simplify tasks, visibility, mappings, constraints, error design, standardize.