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LO2 - Discuss and describe a range of mental health conditions and explore…
LO2 - Discuss and describe a range of mental health conditions and explore the impact on occupational performance
Schizophrenia
diagnostic features:
- symptoms: delusions, hallucinations, disorganised speech/behaviour, negative symptoms (e.g amotivation, flat affect)
- must include >2 core symptoms for >1 month, with impaired function lasting >6 months
- onset typically between ages 15-36
aetiology:
- complex interaction of genetic, biological, psychosocial, trauma, environmental factors
- stress vulnerability model is key
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OT roles:
- functional and cognitive assessments
- life skill development, vocational rehabilitation
- support routines and social engagement
- advocate for workplace accommodations
interventions:
- antipsychotic medication (trial and error)
- psychoeducation for client and family
- CBT and social skills training
- case management (e.g EPPIC model)
- group therapy, peer support
Alan
impact on his social network, physical health
uses coping strategies, can identify challenges
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Trauma and PTSD
sources:
- childhood abuse/neglect, bullying, relational trauma
- traumatic events across the lifespan (accidents, violence, loss)
presentation:
- hyperarousal (e.g irritability, vigilance) or hypoarousal (e.g flat affect, withdrawal)
- emotional dysregulation, dissociation, flashbacks
occupational impact:
- disrupted routines, impaired emotional and cognitive functioning
- difficulty with interpersonal trust and engagement
- often avoidant of previously meaningful activities
interventions:
- trauma-informed care approach
- CBT, EMDR, grounding techniques
- supportive environments, stable routines
- foster safety, trust, empowerment
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