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The Covenant: God's agreement with Abraham, image, image, image -…
The Covenant: God's agreement with Abraham
Abraham: the father of Judaism, made the covenant that promised Abraham to be the father of a nation if he upheld his end of the bargain
Issac: the son of Abraham and Sarah, supposed to be sacrificed in Abraham's side of the covenant until God relents last minute
Sarah: the mother of Isaac and wife of Abraham. She was considered infertile for most of her life until she gave birth to Isaac
Hagar: the servant of Sarah and mother of Ishmael who was born to give Abraham a child when Sarah was believed to be infertile
Ishmael: son of Abraham and Hagar, not a part of the covenant of Judaism but involved in founding Islam
Garden of Eden: the paradise where God placed Adam and Eve
Adam: the first man in Genesis
Eve: the first woman in genesis
Expulsion: after eating from the forbidden tree, Adam and Eve were expelled as punishment
Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil: the Tree where Adam and Eve were forbidden to eat from, once they did it gave them awareness of right and wrong
Serpent: tempts Eve to eat from the tree
Pharisees: a movement of people who interpreted the Torah into daily life
Orthodox: current practice of Judaism that holds to strict observance of the Torah and 613 commandments
613 Commandments: full list of Jewish laws from the Torah
10 Commandments: Basic moral laws given on Mt Sinai to Moses
Maimonides 13 Principles of Faith: a summary of core Jewish beliefs including belief in God, the prophets, coming of the Messiah, and ressurection
Messiah: definition changed throughout time to be divine king
Conservative: a current practice of Judaism, ironically less conservative than Orthodox Judaism, with a focus on maintaining tradition and law but adapting it to modern life
Reform Judaism: the most liberal movement of modern Judaism with a focus on viewing Jewish laws as ethical guidelines instead of laws
Early Prophetic Tradition:prophets called Israel back to justice, faithfulness, and loyalty to the covenant and emphasized true worship
Temple Destruction: Babylonians destroyed Solomans first temple, considered a pivotal moment where Jews had to determine if it was their God that did this or not
Sadduccees: priestly Jews based in Jerusalem who rejected the oral Torah and focused on rituals and sacrifices, lost power after the second temple destruction
Essenes: a separatest sect who believed the priesthood was corrupt, lived in communities and had strong apocalyptic expectations
Zealots: a revolutionary movement who believed it was God's will to fight the Roman Empire, advocated for Jewish independence, they began the war that ended in the destruction of the second temple
Job: someone who suffers despite being righteous
Noah: the man who built the ark, made a covenant with God where God promised to never flood the earth again
Apocalyptic Prophetic Tradition: developed later and was founded on judgement and God's intervention in history, eventually became Christianity
