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WILDE, WHITMANN, STEVENSON, DICKINSON - Coggle Diagram
WILDE, WHITMANN, STEVENSON, DICKINSON
WHITMAN LEAVES OF THE GRASS : collection of 12 poems reflecting his poetic development and love for america it is not just a collection of poems but a LIFE LONG EVOLVING WORK
THEMES
- LIFE as an ENDLESS FLOWING PROCESS
- NATURE AND HUMAN BODY : the impulses of human beigns were seen as a continuous with nature
STYLE : he rejected traditional forms of the 19 th century - RHYTIM MUST FOLLOW THE FLOW OF TOUGHTS, as in CAPTAIN MY CAPTAIN RHYTMS REFLECTS SPEAKER''S EMOTIONAL INTENSITY
O CAPTAIN MY CAPTAIN : elegy written after the assassination of Lincoln
THEME : CELEBRATION OF VICTORY OVERSHADOWED by the DEATH OF THE CAPTAIN
CONTRAST BETWEEN VICTORY OF THE UNION AND THE DEATH OF A LEADER
MAIN THEMES 1. self poet task : figure of poet seen as a prophet
- identification with others
- dignity of the individual seen as a UNITY of BODY AND SOUL
- Nature – Revered as divine and symbolic of spiritual truths; deeply connected to human life.
STEVENSON Treasure Island (1883), The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (1886), Kidnapped (1886), and The Master of Ballantrae (1889).
4 NARRATORS
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Mr. Utterson Main narrator, investigator Third-person (focused on him)
Dr. Jekyll Confessional, reveals full truth First-person
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Mr. Poole Adds suspense, describes Jekyll’s behavior Verbal, via Utterson
THEMES : duality, identity, and the battle between good and evil within a person.
- Duality of Human Nature: Jekyll represents the good side, while Hyde represents the evil side. The novel explores how both coexist within one person, and how attempts to separate them can lead to disastrous consequences.
- The Limits of Scientific Experimentation: Jekyll’s scientific curiosity leads him to attempt something unnatural and dangerous. His experiment, though initially successful, ultimately destroys him, showing the dangers of unchecked scientific ambition.
- The Corruption of Power: Hyde’s increasing dominance over Jekyll shows how power can corrupt, especially when someone tries to live without moral constraints.
- The Importance of Reputation: Jekyll’s obsession with maintaining a respectable public image leads him to create Hyde as a way to indulge (ABBANDONARSI ) his darker desires without damaging his good reputation.
- Dr Jekyll : GOOD SIDE has lived a largely good and respectable life-
- HYDE : EVIL SIDE Mr Hyde, representing pure evil and hatred, is physically pale, dwarfish, with dark, hairy hands, and an overall deformed appearance
PLOT Utterson is shocked to find out that Jekyll has made Hyde the beneficiary of his will, which states that if Jekyll dies or disappears, all his belongings will go to Hyde. -- WHAT WE DON'T KNOW is that Jackill is strugglind with the darkest parts of himself - HE WANTS TO SEPARATE THE 2 PARTS OF HIS OWN INDIVIDUALITY - WHEN JACKILL drinks a potion becomes a man completely free from moral restriction , HYDE IS VIOLENT AND CRUEL AND FREE FROM MORAL RESTRICTION. At the end of the story Jackill isn't able to stop the transformation and Hide takes completely the controll of his own individuality
the story end with a reflection of UTTERSON : reflects on the darkness inside every person and the DANGERS of trying to separate or control these opposing forces
STORY OF THE DOOR - MR UTTERSON cold and distant, ENFIELD : Known figure in town, they pass a sinister building " mysterious door " ENFIELD RECOUNT AN INCIDENT CONNECTED TO THE DOOR
LITTLE MAN " HYDE TRAMOLED OVER A CHILD " and didn't show remorse or feelings
JECKILL'S EXPERIMENT : transformation of the characters - he decided to separate the 2 parts that were deeply ingrained whitwhin him
DESCRIPTION OF THE TRANSFORMATION : he felt freee from guilt or shame and free from constrains of his moral identity
THEME OF IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL NORMS / STATUS DURING VICTORIAN SOCIETY : hyde is an identity free from moral constrains so, he is a way for Jackill
to BE FREE FROM MORAL CONSTRAINS SO A WAY TO INDULGE HIS DARKES DESIRES WITHOUT DAMAGIND HIS GOOD REPUTATION
EMILY DICKINSON
THEMES : ETERNAL ISSUES OF LIFE like DEATH, LOSS, LOVE AND DESIRE, TIME FEAR. DEATH : mistery connected with the idea of eternity, and seen as a liberation from a state of anxiety NATURE : seen as a source of wonder or fear
THEME -HOPE AND HOW IT FUNCTIONS IN HUMAN'S LIFE" SO EVEN IS FRAGILE IS AN ENDURING PART OF HUMAN'S LIFE "
IT IS SYMBOLIZED by the FEATHERS of a bird as something that is delicated but ever- present
-POWERFUL AND PERSISTANCE FORCE THAT RESIDES WHTWIN US, PROVIDES COMFORT IN DIFFICULT CIRCUMSTANCES, AND IT IS AVAILABLE TO ALL it doesn't depend on a situation or PLACE
OSCAR WILDE
THEMES
Aestheticism – Art valued for beauty, not morality.
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THE PREFACE : 1. he expresse the PRINCIPLE OF ART FOR ART'S SAKE ; art is meant to be appreciate, it doesn't have a MORAL or a DIDACTIVE PURPOSE
- MORAL CRITIC AGAINST THE VICTORIAN SOCIETY : HIPOCRICY OF HIS CENTURY - people don' accept reeality because it shows their true nature, they are not satisfied and they only want to see beautiiful things ( presented through the figure of caliban - that feels frustrated when he sees himself into a glass
- CENTRAL BELIEFS OF AESTETICISM : NO DIDACTIVE AIM / PURPOSE IN A PIECE OF ART
you don't have to learn something from a piace of art " ALL ART IS USLESS ( LAST LINE ) " - you don' have to learn something from a piace of art and all the people that try to do it, so all the people that try to go beyond the surface do that " at their peril "
THE PAINTER'S STUDIO
STUDIO . lush, aesthethic descriptions, that creates an athmosphere of elegance and decadence
Basil doesn't want to show his painting ( possible homosexual relationship )- he says he has put too much in it, HENRY is the voice of aestheticism and wants to show it , he compares the beauty of the figure of the picture to a Narcisus
DORIAN'S DEATH Dorian feels good because he has seduced a girl, he has done a good action, he thinks to be free from his past gilts ( that the picture reflects )
- DORIAN : has avoided punishment not REDEMPTION, he doesnt't care about the girl
at the end..Dorian, tormented by guilt and the horror of his corrupted soul, decides to destroy the portrait that holds the evidence of his sins. He stabs it with a knife, hoping to free himself. Instead, the act kills him. The servants hear a crash, and when they enter the locked room, they find the beautiful portrait restored to its original form, while Dorian lies dead on the floor—aged, withered, and unrecognizable. His true self has finally been revealed.THEMES
1.AESTHETICISM without etchics is hollow
- excess and denial of responsability led to destruction
- painting reflect all his past sins - he tries to erase his guilt, the picture is restored to his original form but DORIAN can't avoid punishment for all his sins