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Cells (Saanjali) - Coggle Diagram
Cells (Saanjali)
Difference between animal and plant cell
Plant cells have a cell wall while animal cell do not
Plant cells have a fixed shape while animal cells do not
One type of plant cell can help the plant make its own food during photosynthesis while animal cells cannot
What are cells?
Cells are the basic unit of life that carry out all life processes
All living organisms, unicellular and multicellular, are made of cells
Type of living organism
Unicellular
Consists of only one cell
Amoeba
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Protozoa
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Multicellular
Consists of more than one cell
Animals
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Plants
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Cell wall
Chloroplast (If it is a leaf cell)
2 benefits of division of labour in a multicellular organism
Different functions can be carried out at the same time
Ensures smooth and efficient functioning of the organism as a whole
Different types of special cells
Animal cells
Red blood cells
Contains haemoglobin that helps the transport of oxygen more efficiently
No nucleus in order to contain more haemoglobin
Biconcave shape to increase surface area for faster diffusion of oxygen
Muscle cell
Has fibres which involve in muscle contraction
Nerve cells
Has a long fibre to transmit electrical signals from one part of the body to another quickly
Plant cells
Root hair cell
Has a long elongated structure to increase the surface area so that absorption of water and mineral salts can take place quickly
Palisade cell
Contains numerous chloroplasts to carry out photosynthesis more efficiently
Xylem
Made up of thick and lignified wall to prevent the collapse of the vessel
Hollow lumen to allow passage of water and mineral salts easy without obstruction
Organelles
Groups of complex substances inside a cell which carry out specific functions within the cell
Nucleus
Controls all activities that take place in the cell
Contains genetic information that can be passed down from one generation to another
Cytoplasm
Where all cell activities take place
Cell membrane
Contains the movement of substances in and out of the cell
Cell wall
Gives the cell its shape
Chloroplast
Contains a green pigment called chlorophyll which helps plants absorbs light through photosynthesis to make food
Cellular organisation
Cells
Tissue
Organs
Organ systems
Organism
A group of similar or different cells working together to perform a similar function
Animals
Blood
Epithelium
Muscle cell
Nerve cell
Plants
Root hair
Xylem
Phloem
Cortex
Palisade
Epidermis
Basic units of life
Animals
Muscle cell
Plants
Root cell