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Bone Health, Legend, Purple - major minerals, Blue - vitamins, Yellow -…

- - - - which is also called
        
        Spongy Bone
    - - which is also called
        
        Compact/Dense Bone
  - - - Osteoblasts
        
        which helps with
        
        Formation
      - Osteoclasts
        
        which helps with
        
        Resorption
- - - - by being
        
        Flexible
        
        which is composed of
        
        Organic Matter
        
        such as
        
        Protein Matrix
        
        Nerves
        
        Cartilage
        
        Connective Tissue
        
        Strong & Rigid
        
        which is composed of
        
        Inorganic Mineral Crystals
- - - - PHOSPHORUS
        
        which forms part of
        
        Hydroxyapatite Crystals
        
        found in our
        
        Bones & Teeth
        
        FLUORIDE MODIFIES HYDROXYAPATITE CRYSTALS
        
        is needed for
        
        Electrical/Fluid Balance
        
        ATP
        
        Phospholipids
        
        Lipoproteins
        
        Activating B-Vitamins
        
        DNA/RNA
        
        is found in
        
        Animal Protein Foods
        
        such as
        
        Fish
        
        Poultry
        
        Meat
        
        Milk/Milk Products
        
        Legumes
        
        Sunflower Seeds
        
        Soft Drinks
        
        which can affect
        
        Calcium Intake
        
        Deficiency
        
        is
        
        Rare
        
        as it is plentiful in
        
        Diet
        
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        Toxicity
        
        can be caused by
        
        High Soda Intake
        
        along with
        
        Low Calcium Intake
        
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      - MAGNESIUM
        
        is needed in
        
        Teeth
        
        to prevent
        
        Dental Caries
        
        Enzyme Systems
        
        where it acts as a
        
        Cofactor
        
        Blood Clotting
        
        Hypertension
        
        by acting as a
        
        Vasodilator
        
        to protect against
        
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        IS NEEDED FOR ACTIVATING
        
        REPLACES CALCIUM IN HYDROXYAPATITE CRYSTALS IN BONES
        
        Deficiency
        
        can be caused by
        
        Prolonged Heavy Perspiration
        
        Prolonged Vomiting/Diarrhea
        
        Prolonged Diuretics Use
        
        Kidney Disease
        
        Alcoholism
        
        can be found in
        
        Plant Foods
        
        such as
        
        Green Leafy Vegetables
        
        Avocados
        
        Whole Grains
        
        Hard Water
        
        Halibut
      - CALCIUM
        
        is also needed for
        
        Non-Bone Related Roles
        
        such as
        
        Hypertension
        
        by promoting
        
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        Blood Clotting
        
        which helps form
        
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        Muscle Contraction
        
        when it binds to
        
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        Nerve Transmission
        
        Deficiency
        
        can lead to
        
        Osteoporosis
        
        which is a
        
        Silent Disease
        
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        Absorption
        
        can be
        
        Decreased
        
        by taking
        
        Too Many Supplements
        
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        presence of
        
        Polyphenols
        
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        Oxalic Acid
        
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        Phytic Acid
        
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        by having
        
        Too Much Fat
        
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        Too Much Fibre (> 50g/day)
        
        Enhanced
        
        by simply being
        
        Younger in Age
        
        by presence of
        
        Vitamin D
        
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        Lactose
        
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        Estrogen
        
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        which is found in
        
        Bloodstream & Soft Tissues
        
        and participates in
        
        Homeostasis
        
        involves the
        
        Small Intestines
        
        and
        
        Bones
        
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        is regulated by
        
        Calcitriol (Active Vitamin D)
        
        enhances absorption in
        
        promotes breaking down of
        
        stimulates reabsorption in
        
        is regulated by
        
        Hormones
        
        Calcitonin
        
        limits absorption in
        
        inhibits breaking down of
        
        Parathyroid Hormone
        
        promotes breaking down of
        
        stimulates reabsorption in
        
        Toxicity
        
        can be caused by
        
        Hyperparathyroidism
        
        which can lead to
        
        Hypercalcemia
        
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        can be found in
        
        Milk/Milk Products
        
        especially in
        
        Skim Milk
        
        also contains
        
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        which is the most
        
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        Tofu
        
        made with
        
        Calcium Sulphate
        
        Canned Fish
        
        Hard Water
        
        CALCIUM DECREASES ABSORPTION OF MAGNESIUM
        
        CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS WILL COMBINE WITH HYDROXIDE IONS TO FORM
    - - such as
        
        FLUORIDE
        
        is
        
        Ubiquitous
        
        can be found in
        
        Soils
        
        Water Supplies
        
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        Plant Foods
        
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        Animal Foods
        
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        Non-Foods
        
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        Moderate Intake
        
        can reduce risk of
        
        Dental Caries
        
        in addition to
        
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        replaces
        
        Hydroxyl Group
        
        in
        
        Hydroxyapatite Crystal
        
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        best taken
        
        Before Teeth Erupt
        
        at
        
        20th Week of Pregnancy
        
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        3-4 Years Old
        
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        8-10 Years Old
        
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        Deficiency
        
        can be caused by
        
        Low Fluoride
        
        in the
        
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        Toxicity
        
        can lead to
        
        Fluorosis
        
        which is seen mostly in
        
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        found in
        
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- - - - Quinones
        
        Phylloquinone
        
        which are found in
        
        Plants
        
        such as
        
        Green Leafy Vegetable
        
        Broccoli
        
        Menaquinone
        
        which are found in
        
        Animals
        
        such as
        
        Liver
        
        Cow's Milk
        
        Eggs
      - can be made
        
        Endogenously
        
        through
        
        Bacterial Synthesis
        
        in the
        
        Large Intestines
        
        Exogenously
        
        through
        
        Diet
        
        though
        
        Antibiotic Use
        
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      - is necessary for
        
        Blood Clotting
        
        which is especially important for
        
        Infants
        
        as they are born with
        
        Sterile Gut
        
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        receive a
        
        Dosage
        
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        who are most at risk for
        
        Deficiency
        
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        as it is needed to form
        
        Fibrin Clot
        
        which includes
        
        4 Proteins
        
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        Calcium Mineralization
        
        as it is needed by
        
        Osteoblasts
        
        for synthesizing
        
        Osteocalcin
        
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      - resistant to losses in
        
        Food Preparation
    - - VITAMIN D HELPS ENHANCE CALCIUM ABSORPTION
      - work with
        
        Parathyroid Hormone
        
        to maintain
        
        Blood Calcium
      - Toxicity
        
        is caused by
        
        Oversupplementation
        
        which leads to
        
        Hypercalcemia
        
        which is mostly seen in
        
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        not caused by
        
        Food Intake
      - VITAMIN D ENHANCES ABSORPTION OF PHOSPHORUS
      - Deficiency
        
        can lead to
        
        Osteomalacia
        
        which causes
        
        Weakness
        
        Lower Back/Legs Pain
        
        Rickets
        
        which leads to
        
        Bowed Legs
        
        Rachitic Rosary
        
        is caused by
        
        Too Many Pregnancies Closely Spaced
        
        Low Intake
        
        Low Sun Exposure
        
        Kidney/Liver/Intestinal Diseases
      - can be found in
        
        Egg Yolks
        
        Fortified Milk
        
        Liver
        
        Fish/Fish Oils
        
        Fortified Orange Juice
      - can be made
        
        Endogenously
        
        through conversion of
        
        7-dehydrocholesterol
        
        into
        
        Pre-vitamin D3
        
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        Exogenously
        
        through consumption of
        
        Inactive Vitamin D