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Chemistry Exam T3 - Coggle Diagram
Chemistry Exam T3
Comparison and representation of measurement scales
The Mole
What is a Mole?
is a measure of the amount of particles in matter
Molar/molecular mass
the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule. It's measured in atomic mass units (amu) or grams per mole (g/mol).
What is the molar mass?
Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance. It tells you how much 1 mole of atoms, molecules, or ions weighs in grams.
How to obtain the molar mass?
Write the chemical formula, Find the atomic mass of each element, Multiply the atomic mass of each element by the number of atoms of that element in the formula, Add the results
Molarity
What is Molarity?
amount of a substance in a certain volume of solution
How to obtain Molarity
following the formula dividing moles of solute by liters of the solution.
Formula
moles of solute / liters of solution = molarity (M)
How to solve problems
Identify known and unknown information, Convert units if needed, Plug values into the formula, Calculate the answer
Molality
What is Molality?
the amount of a substance dissolved in a certain mass of solvent
How to obtain Molarity
following the formula dividing moles of solute by mass (kg) of the solution.
Formula
moles of solute / kg of solvent = molality (m)
How to solve problems
Identify known and unknown information, Convert units if needed, Plug values into the formula, Calculate the answer
Importance of acids and bases in everyday life in the industry
Bases
substances that form hydroxide ions when in water, or accept h+ ions.
Acid
substances that donate hydrogen ions to form hymenium ions when dissolve on water.
Acid and bases reactions
happens when an acid reacts with a base, usually producing water and a salt.
Identification of chemical changes and the language of chemistry
Types of chemical reactions
Synthesis
Two or more substances combine to form a single new substance.
ex. hydrogen and oxygen makes water
Decomposition
A single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances.
ex. hydrogen peroxide breaks down into water and oxigen gas.
Single replacement
one element replaces another in a compund.
ex. zine replaces hydrogen in hydrochloric acid to produce zin chloride and hydrogen gas.
Double replacement
Two compounds exchange elements.
ex. sodium chlorine reacts with silver nitrate to form sodium nitrate and silver chloride.
Balancing chemical equations
What is a chemical equation?
A chemical equation is a written representation of a chemical reaction. It shows how reactants turn into products.
Parts of chemical equations
coeficient
number at the begining of the molecule that multiply the molecule
subscript
number that multiplies the atom
reactants
a chemical equation is a substance that starts a chemical reaction
reaction arrow
shows the result of the reaccion
product
the result of the chemical reacion
state of matter
refers to the physical form in which a substance exists
chemical formula
a way of showing which elements are in a substance and how many atoms of each element are present
Law of Conservation of Mass
States that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaccion
How to balance chemical equation?
To balance a chemical equation, you make sure the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation by changing the coefficient.