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Health Science Exam (Topics 6-12) - Coggle Diagram
Health Science Exam (Topics 6-12)
Cardiovascular System
How the CVS delivers oxygen and nutrients to every cell in the body:
The
heart's right side
receives
deoxygenated blood
from the body and pumps it to the
lungs
through the
pulmonary arteries.
In the
lungs
, blood picks up
oxygen
and releases
carbon dioxide.
Oxygenated blood
is then pumped back to the
heart's left side
via
pulmonary veins.
The
heart
then pumps
oxygenated blood
into the
aorta
, the largest artery, which branches into smaller arteries.
These
arteries
branch further into smaller vessels called
arterioles
, which carry blood towards
capillaries
.
Capillaries
, with their thin walls, allow for the exchange of
oxygen
and
nutrients
within cells. They also collect carbon dioxide and waste products.
Blood
then flows from
capillaries
into
venules
, which merge into
veins
.
Veins
carry
deoxygenated blood
back to the
heart's right side
completing the cycle.
Know the difference between the systemic and pumonary systems:
Systemic
: Blood enters the right atrium from the systemic circulation, which is returning all the deoxygenated blood from all the tissues of the body.
Pulmonary:
Blood then travels to the lungs (pulmonary circulation) to receive oxygen, which then enters the left atrium, following into the left ventricle and out the aorta to the rest of the body.
Describe how blood flows through each part of the heart and around the body:
Deoxygenated blood
Returns from the body, draining via the
vena cavae
into the right side of the heart
(right atrium)
.
Blood is the pushed through the
triscupid valve
to the
right ventricle
and through the
pulmonary semilunar valve
into the
pulmonary trunk
and
arteries
, to the
lungs
.
In the
lungs
, the blood dumps it CO2 and picks up O2 (occurs at the
respiratory membrane
where
tiny capillaries
meet the
alveoli
).
Oxygenated blood
Returns from the
lungs
via
pulmonary veins
into the
left atrium
then through the
bicuspid valve
to the
left ventricle.
Blood is then pumped to the entire body through the
aortic semilunar valve
and
aorta
.
Once through the
aorta
, flow of blood is as follows:
elastic arteries - muscular arteries - arterioles - capillaries - venules - veins - vena cavae - right atrium.
Understand the difference between veins and arteries: