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Subsentential terminology - Coggle Diagram
Subsentential terminology
1.Grammatical terms that describe parts of language smaller than a full sentence or clause
2.It involves the building blocks of sentences—like the pieces of LEGO that make up a larger structure.
Morphemes are categorized into two types: Derivational and Inflectional morphemes.
Words are learned as a part of the speech.
Verbsnotional, or semantic, definition of a verb is that it is a word that denotes an action or state
of being
1, -s of third person singular present tense verbs: Sue jog! every day.
-ed of past tense verbs: She jogged yesterday.
-en of the past participle: He has seen the movie three times already.
-ing of the present participle: I am teach!ng three courses this term
Adjectives describes the quality of something
irection:Jim pointed there.
location: Isabel shops nearby.
manner: The choir sang joyfully at the ordination.
time: Soon Rachel will retire.
frequency: We visit our friends in Detroit sometimes.
Adverbs modify the verbs and contribute to meaning
Phrases are identified based on how words naturally cluster together, guided by grammatical intuition, rather than arbitrary groupings. The text illustrates that certain word groupings feel more cohesive and meaningful than others when dividing a sentence into phrases.
Example: Consider the sentence: The impatient customer was acting very cranky at the time.
Head: The core word in a phrase that determines its type (e.g., noun in a NP).
Dependent: Words that modify or complete the head (e.g., adjectives, determiners).
Inflectional Morphology
This refers to changes to word forms to express tense, number, aspect, etc.
walk → walks (present third-person singular)
talk → talked (past tense)
cat → cats (plural)
determiners used to refer to that special class of words
that limit the nouns that follow them.
articles
[the, a]articles, demonstratives (this, that, these, those), and posse'sive determiners (ours,yours; his, hIm;
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Pronouns are also parts of the Subsentencial terminology.
subject (J, you, be, she, it, we, tbey),
object (me, you, him, be1;it, us, them)
demonstrative (this, that, these, those)
reflexive (myself, yourself, bimself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves)
possessive (yours, bis, hen, its, oun, theirs),
number (singular, plural), person (first,
second, and third), gender, and in the case of the demonstratives, by number and proximity.