Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
ACCA (BT) - Coggle Diagram
ACCA (BT)
1. Organisations
- (social arrangements, controlled performance, collective goals)
- (share skills & knowlege, specialise, pool resources)
1.2 Not for profit org
+hospitals, councils, clubs, charities, schools
1.3 Public vs private sector
+public: controlled by gov, provide basic gov services
+private: profit & non-profit org, run by individual or group
-
1.4 Non governmental org (NGOs)
+have no profit, not linked to national gov
+promote political, social, invironment within countries
-
1.1 Commercial org
+object: maximising wealth of owner: sole traders, partnerships, limited liability companies
2. Business organisation & structure
- way in which work is divided up and allocated
- outlines the roles and respons of individuals and groups in org
Những loại structure
- Entrepreneurial: around owner manager, small business, early stage of develop
- Functional/ departmental structure: undertake similar tasks into department
- Divisional structure: each one autonomously overseeing a product, geographic, customer, etc
- Matrix structure: combination of functional & divisional
- Boundaryless: unstructured design, not constrained by a chain of command or formal depart. Bao gồm: Hollow org: core & non core activities (outsource), Modular ogr: each component is made by comp or outsource, Virtual org: outsource & simpy exist as a network of contracts.
Other basic org concepts:
- Scalar chain: relates to the number of level of management in org
- manager's span of control: the number of pp from directly responsible
Factors influence span of control: narture of work, type of personel, location
- Tall org: many level of management (long scalar chain & narrow span of control)
- Flat org: few level or management (short scalar chain & wide SOC)
- Offshoring: relocation of corp activities
- Centralisation & decentralisation: uppler level, hierarchy/ decision passed down to units & pp at lower level
- Level of stragery: planning (senior manager), tactical (middle mang), operational (junior manag, short-term, deltailed & practical)
Marketing
Key emphasis (customer needs):
- Identifying and anticipating needs – market research
- Supplying customer needs – product design
- Efficiency – distribution
- Profitability – pricing decisions and promotion.
Traditional marketing mix (4Ps):
- Product: Factors such as quality, design, range, packaging, branding and warranties.
- Place: Where to sell the products, distribution channels, stock levels and warehouse locations.
- Promotion: Techniques such as advertising, personal selling, public relations, sales promotion, sponsorship and direct marketing.
- Price: Price level, discounts, credit policy and payment meth
- 4 cái này đi kèm là 4 cái issues, xem chi tiết trong bài
Additional 3Ps for the service industry:
- People: Relates to both staff and customers.
- Processes: Systems through which the service is delivered.
- Physical evidence: Makes the intangible service more tangible.
- Organisation culture in business
6 major infuences on the culture org:
- Technology
- Size
- Diversity
- Ownership
- Age
- History
Writer on culture:
- Schein: first leader of comp create its culture, discribed 3 levels: Artefacts, Espoused values, basic assuptions & values.
- Handy: popularised 4 cultural types: power, role, task, person cultures
- Hofstede: 4 traits or cultural dimensions: individualism, uncertainty avoidance index, power distance index, masculinity. Có 2 cái dc thêm gần đây là: long-term orientation, indulgence
Informal org and its relationshop with formal org:
- informal org: the network of relationships exits in org
-