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11: Occupation of Italy - Coggle Diagram
11: Occupation of Italy
Allied invasion
Allies decided to hit the Italian mainland and take Rom by Christmas in attempt to knock Italy out of WW2 and divert Germany
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War ended in Italy when the war in Europe ended with 300,000 allied casualties so took 2 years not the 4 months hoped
They had to fight in the freezing mountains, similar to WW1
The Republic of Salo
Mussolini was arrested then freed from a German raid on the 12th of September, he was then put in charge of the Italian Social Republic (northern Italy) as a puppet dictator
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It lasted 600 days with Mussolini as the head of state and foreign minister (King had been rejected), with the Republican Fascist Party replacing the PNF
Their armed forces (573,000 men) fought alongside the German forces
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Fascist police force and militias (Black Brigades) fought partisans who were loyal to those that had deposed Mussolini
5 of the deposers were executed including Ciano (his son in law), Mussolini saw this as reinstating the founding principles of fascism
Verona Manifesto of November 1943 was anti clerical, republican, wanted nationalisation and a cooperate state (similarities to 1919 programme)
Only difference with 1919 is there was now anti-semitism with 7,500 Jews sent to Nazi death camps
Mussolini's power was still limited as he was reliant on Germany and many Italians had lost faith with partisans increasing (Germans even ran the postal service)
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