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: Adaptation in Urban Environments, image, image - Coggle Diagram
: Adaptation in Urban Environments
Urban Enviromentals
These are places built by humans, like cities, full of buildings, roads, lights, and noise
Microclimate
Ants & scale insects handle heat better
White clover uses cyanogenesis to survive cold soil
Example
Cities break nature into small pieces
Selective Pressures
Pollution: air, water, noise, light
Killifish can live in polluted water
Great tits change their songs to be heard in loud cities
Types:
Extreme temperature
Food changes
House sparrows adapted to eat human food
Gobies eat different things in urban streams
Behavioral Changes
How animals act differently in the city
Examples
Acoustic changes
Their songs become sharper
Feeding behavior
Gobies change their diet
Finches increase their bite force for urban food
Interactions
Birds are not afraid of people
They risk themselves to get food.
Genetic adaptations
Changes in DNA to help animals live in cities
Mice changes their genes to process city food
Sparrows change gene (AMY2A) to digest human food
Killifish change their DNA to survive
Morphological Changes
Changes in the body or shape of animals
Ants
body size changes to survive heat
Finches
larger jaws to eat hard seeds
Anole lizards
longer legs and toe pads
Human Influence
Direct
Pollution
Building cities
Indirect
Warmer cities
Noise & lights
Humans cause all these changes by changing the environment.
