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Germany foreign policy - Coggle Diagram
Germany foreign policy
Framework of foreign policy- Hitler wanted to pursue ambitious foreign policy aims despite ToVs
Continental balance of power- political idea- best way of ensuring international power is to have power evenly distributed amongst continents- no single continent has dominant position- worked in Germany's favour
International context- WW1 and peace settlements caused great empires of Russia, Austria-Hungary and Turkey had collapsed- power vacuum in central Europe
USSR relatively weak- initially majorly concerned with own modern industrialisation- isolated from Western world but had signed Rapallo treaty (1922) w/ Germany- treaty of friendship yet relations deteriorated after dictatorship established
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International situation USA showed retreat to isolationism- didn't join league of nations- March 1920 In November 1919 and in March 1920, the US Senate voted on the Treaty of Versailles, concerning America's entry into the League of Nations. Treaty and Covenant were defeated by a 49-35 Senate vote
Nazi aims
Most Historians argue that Mein Kampf set the blueprint for Hitler’s foreign policy aims - published 18 July 1925. His 1936 Memorandum on the Four Year Plan and his speech to his generals at the ‘Hossbach’ Conference in 1937 also shed considerable light on his foreign
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Destruction of the ToVs , Establishment of Lebensraum in East, Unite all German nationals under Greater Germany
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why not clear on aims
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Couldn't predict everything when Mein Kampf written- can't plan for the state of country he'd be in power over
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Attitudes toward war p2
Austria – A German state, but was not part of a united Germany; no longer a great power after 1919; Anschluss forbidden by Versailles, but many Austrians favoured it
Italy – Fascist government, though initially Mussolini didn’t have good relations with Hitler; looking to expand in Mediterranean; 1935 invaded
Abyssinia, led to a quarrel with Britain and France and revealed the weakness of the League of Nations.
Czechoslovakia – New Slav state; formally ruled by Germans; contained minorities, including 300,000 Sudeten Germans; successful democratic government.