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Final- Philosophy 10th grade - Coggle Diagram
Final- Philosophy 10th grade
Power
Political
Social
power- grounded in inequality
Categories
Individual or group power
Power over people and power over nature
Power of the manager
Visible or invisible power
MICHEL FOUCAULT
Sovereign power- obedience to the law
Disciplinary power
POWER OF NORMS AND ORDER
POWER OF SURVEILLANCE
POWER OF LANGUAGE
Justice
proper proportion between a person’s merits and the good and bad things that befall or are allotted to him or her
fairness or righteousness.
“Justice presupposes people pressing claims or justifying them by rules or standards”
PLATO
obeying the will of the stronger, the ones who are able to enforce laws
ARISTOTLE
the key element of justice is treating similar cases in a similar manner
JOHN RAWLS (1921-2002)
justice as fairness
ROBERT NOZIK
Principles of acquisition
Principles of transfer
Principles of rectification
TYPES OF JUSTICE
SOCIAL JUSTICE
the common good of all in the state.
COMMUTATIVE JUSTICE
establishing a certain arithmetical equality between the values of things that people need.
Law
social conflicts based on people’s various interests, desires and goals. Sometimes, one’s interests and goals clash with someone else’s.
Right/Law is a way of coordinating and protecting human freedom as far as it is externally implemented.
origins of law
traditions, laws,
moral norms
general principles or imperatives
Legal norm
articular and refer to how people act and to their external relations.
State
John Locke
Humans are reasonable with natural rights (life, liberty, property)
State of nature is peaceful but lacks protection of rights
Government exists to protect natural rights
Right to revolt if the government fails
Advocates limited, representative government
Thomas Hobbes
Humans- naturally selfish, aggressive, and driven by a desire for self-preservation.
To escape this chaos- individual give up the power
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Humans are naturally good but corrupted by society
State of nature is free and equal
Social contract forms the "general will" of the people