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Second year Biology Revision - Coggle Diagram
Second year Biology Revision
Skeleton structure and purposes
Structure
Skull - cranium
collerbone - clavicle
center of chest - sternum
bone from shoulder to elbow - humerous
Ribcage
spine
Bigger outside bone - radius
smaller inner bone - ulna
bone from hips to knees - femur
kneecap - patella
bigger bone in shin - tibia
smaller bone in shin - fibula
Purposes
Structure -> to hold the muscles, skin and organs upright a=so that they do not just hang
To produce more blood -> the cortical tissue aka bone marrow produces red blood cells
Movement -> the muscles attach to the bones
To protect the organs e.g. the rib cage and the heart
Composition of bone
Cortical tissue
Hard tissue which is the outer tissue which makes the bones feel rigid
Cancellous tissue
Softer tissue called bone marrow. It is located on the inside of the bones and it produces red blood cells.
Plant Cell structure
Nucleus
Controls the cell and contains the genetic information
Mitochondria
‘Power house of the cell’ produces energy in every cell for all the life processes
Cell wall
Provides structure and support to all the other organelles
vacuoles
To store water and other liquids for the body
Cytoplasm
Jelly - like substance in which all the other organelles are suspended
cell membrane
Controls what goes in and out of the cell
Ribosomes
Produce proteins for the body
Chloroplasts
Organelle in which chemical reactions occur
Animal cell structures
Nucleus
Controls the cell and stores the genetic information
Mitochondria
‘Power house of the cell’ produces energy for all the life processes
Cell membrane
Controls what goes in and out of the cell
Ribosomes
Produces protein for the body
Cytoplasm
Jelly like substance in which all the other organelles are suspended