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SA&D lecture1, Dimensions of Information Systems: Organizations,…
SA&D lecture1
Dimensions of Information Systems:
Organizations
Senior management
(makes long-range strategic decisions)
Middle management
(carries out the
programs and plans)
Operational management
(monitoring
the daily activities of the business)
Knowledge workers
engineers, scientists, or architects, design products or services and create new knowledge for the firm
Data workers
(secretaries or clerks, assist with scheduling and communications at all levels of the firm)
Production or service workers
(produce the product and deliver the
service)
The levels pyramid
Operational Level
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
Knowledge Level
Office Automation System (OAS)
Knowledge Work System (KWS)
Higher level
Management Information Systems (MIS)
Decision Support Systems (DSS)
Expert system
Strategic Level
Executive information system (EIS)
Group Decision Support System (GDSS)
Computer-Supported Collaborative Work System (CSCWS)
Overview
Information system (IS)
is an arrangement of people, data, processes, and information technology that interact to collect, process, store, and provide as output the information needed to support an organization.
What is an Information Systems?
Process
Collect
Store
To support decision making, coordination, control,
analysis and visualization in an organization
Broader in scope than “app”
Disseminate information
Includes database and related manual processes
Information System Components
Hardware
include servers, workstations, networks, telecommunications equipment, fiber-optic cables, mobile devices, scanners, digital capture devices, and other technology-based infrastructure.
Software
The programs that control the hardware and
produce the desired information or results.
System software
Manages the hardware components
Ex: operating system, security software, device drivers
Application software
Programs that support day-to-day business functions and
provide users with the information they need.
order processing systems, payroll systems, and
company communications networks.
Data
The raw material that an
information system
transforms into useful information.
Processes
Describe the tasks and business functions that users, managers, and IT staff members perform to achieve specific results.
Processes are the building blocks of an information system
because they represent actual day-to-day business operations.
People
People who have an interest in an information system are called stakeholders.
Ex. Users, managers, IT staff members
System
A system is a set of related components that produces specific results.
Computer application (app)
A computer software program that executes on a computing device to carry
out a specific set of functions
Information technology
a term that describes the combination of computer technology (hardware and software) with telecommunications technology (data, image, and voice networks).
Information Systems Analysis and
Design
Complex organizational process
Used to develop and maintain computer based information systems
Used by a team of business and systems
professionals