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‘Between the October Days of 1789 and September 1791, the National…
‘Between the October Days of 1789 and September 1791, the National Assembly completely dismantled the Ancien Régime.’ Assess the validity of this view.
Political
October Days
- October Days - symbolic challenge to the authority of the monarchy (brought to Paris)
- Response to Flight to Varennes - enables the National Assembly to tighten their control and limit the monarchy's power further
- 1791 Constitution - legal document which reinforces the dismantling of the absolute monarchy as a constitutional one is created. Brings together all previous attempts to limit the monarchy's power.
Underlines that political speaking, the National Assembly's reforms were key in dismantling the political power of the monarchy over these years.
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This was a big contribution because it brought the monarchy to Paris symbolising there movement from the home of the ancien regime to the home of the revolution. This links to The flight to Varennes and the 1791 constitution as the monarchy felt trapped as prisoners
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Administrative reforms
France was divided into 83 departments, replacing the old provinces. These departments were intended to be roughly equal in size and population. Below the departments were further subdivisions into districts, cantons, and communes
This shows that power was granted through elections instead of hereditary gain, this was a move towards equality and away from the Ancien Regime. Politically the reorganisation was a clear away from the Ancien Regime reshuffling the power structure
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Each department was to have its own elected council of 36 members, a directorate of eight, and a procureur-general-syndic. Lower levels, such as districts, also had their own elected councils and officials.
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Intro
Define 'Ancien Régime'
- eg. Politically - characterised by absolute monarchy and parlements dominated by nobles
- Economically - plagued by an unjust tax system with lots going to tax collectors with church and nobility exempt. Lots of church control over land
- Socially There was a rigid estate hierarchy with the 98% majority third estate holding up the country for the lavish lifesatlyes of the first two estates
Signpost Conclusion:
The National Assembly introduced reforms dismantling certain political, economic and social aspects of the Ancien Regime - but did not completely dismantle the Ancien Regime as these reforms/ changes were limited and not all-encompassing
Conclusion
Some major forms were introduced removing political and economic privileges however some major powers of the monarch and the regime remained.