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Violent Asphyxia - Coggle Diagram
Violent Asphyxia
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Smothering (blocking nose and mouth),
Choking (airway obstruction by a foreign body),
External neck pressure (throttling, hanging, strangulation),
Chest compression (traumatic asphyxia),
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Across methods, death can result from:
Airway blockage (asphyxia),
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Reflex cardiac arrest (via vagus nerve),
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Cyanosis (bluish discoloration due to reduced hemoglobin),
Facial congestion (due to capillary stasis),
Petechial hemorrhages (from capillary rupture),
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Leads to neurogenic shock, hypoxia, airway blockage, or venous congestion.
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Ligature mark is oblique, incomplete, above thyroid cartilage.
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Common in infants (accidental), or homicidal in vulnerable victims.
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Direct neck compression using a ligature (e.g., rope).
May be accidental (e.g., by umbilical cord), homicidal, rarely suicidal.
Ligature mark is transverse, below the thyroid cartilage, pressure abrasion, brownish.
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Each type presents specific physical signs related to the method of asphyxiation (e.g., ligature marks in hanging and strangulation, hand marks in throttling).
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Differentiating between homicidal, suicidal, and accidental asphyxia is crucial in forensic investigations.
Signs of resistance, injury patterns, and situational context help determine the manner of death.
1-Definition of Violent Asphyxia:
It refers to mechanical interference with respiration caused by violence. This leads to oxygen deprivation and CO₂ accumulation, eventually causing death if not relieved.