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Constructivism Theory of Learning image - Coggle Diagram

- - - - fitting new info into existing schemas
    - - adjusting schemas to fit new info
    - - balancing assimilation and accommodation
  - - - Abstract and hypothetical thinking develops; problem-solving improves.
    - - Logical thinking begins; understands conservation and classification.
    - - Language develops; thinking is intuitive and egocentric.
    - - Learning through senses and movement; object permanence develops.
- - - - The distance between what a learner can do independently and what they can do with help.
        
        Learning happens best in this zone, through interaction with more capable peers or adults.
    - - Temporary support provided by the teacher or peer.
        
        As the learner becomes more capable, the support is gradually removed.
    - - Learning moves from the social plane to the individual plane—we first do things with others, and then we can do them by ourselves.
        
        Social Origin of Learning
        
        All higher mental functions ( reasoning, problem-solving) appear first in interaction with others).
        
        Learning begins in collaboration, especially through dialogue and guided activity.
      - Gradual Transformation
        
        External actions ( being told how to solve a problem) become internal mental strategies.
        
        With practice, learners no longer need support—they can act independently.
    - - Knowledge is not acquired directly from the world, but through tools and people that mediate learning.
        
        Language
        
        Our main tool for thinking and learning
        
        Helps us express, organize, and internalize knowledge
        
        First social (external), then becomes internal
        
        Cultural Tools
        
        Anything a culture uses to build and transmit knowledge
        Examples:
        
        Numbers and mathematical symbols
        
        Writing and reading systems :pencil2:
        
        Diagrams, charts, maps
        
        Technology: videos, blogs, apps :
        
        More Capable Others