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IMMUNE SYSTEM - Coggle Diagram

- - - - skin - physical barrier
      - mucous membranes - line body tracts, trap microbes
      - Secretions
        
        Lysozyme (in tears, saliva)
        
        Acidic pH (sweat, stomach acid)
        
        Cilia action in trachea
    - - Natural Killer (NK) cells - destroy virus-infected/cancer cells.
      - Antimicrobial proteins
        
        Interferons - inhibit viral replication, activate immune cells
        
        Complement system - enhances phagocytosis, causes lysis
      - Phagocytic cells
        
        Monocytes - become macrophages
        
        Eosinophils - attack parasites with enzymes
        
        Macrophages - large, long-living phagocytes
        
        Dendritic cells - activate adaptive immunity
        
        Neutrophils - engulf and destroy invaders
      - Inflammatory response
        
        triggered by tissue damage
        
        involves histamine, increase blood flow, swelling redness
  - - - Epitope - part of antigen recognized by lymphocytes
      - Self-tolerance - removal of self-reactive lymphocytes via apoptosis
      - Antigen - foreign molecule that triggers immune response
    - - B cells and T cells originate from bone marrow stem cells
      - B cells mature in bone marrow
      - T cells mature in thymus
    - - Binding of antigen to lymphocyte receptor triggers division:
        
        Plasma cells - secrete antibodies
        
        Memory cells - for faster future response
    - - Primary response - first exposure, slower
      - Secondary reponse - faster due to memory cells