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cold war - Coggle Diagram
cold war
early tension between USA and USSR
competing ideology
USA
they were democracy, had freedom in terms of speech, religion , assembly. They had free elections, free market economy, private business and properties. Valued individual freedoms
USSR
they were communism. Destroy capitalism. Create utopian world with property and work shared. One -party Dictatorship. Command economy. Goods are only allocated to people's need. Government control resources. Valued society interest
history of suspicion and mistrust before 1939
marriage of convenience
emerged due to common enemy (germany). Tension resurface during alliance. Stalin urged USA and britain to open a second front as soon as possible to relieve pressure and end the war sooner. USA and Britain only agreed at tehran conference in 1944 via operation overload and stalin thinks they delay the opening to minimise their own losses and at the same time weakening stalin.
superpower rivalry intensify
Truman Doctrine and containment
Development in greece
Development in Tukey
Long Telegram
Increasing tension between US and USSR
Marshall Plan
USSR response to Marshall Plan
cominform
comecon
berlin blockage
Escalation of tension
Berlin airlift
cosequence
impact of ww2 on europe
Europe in ruins
Germany surrended in may 1945, europe was a shattered, devasted war zone
examples of extended damage:
36 million european was killed. Infrastructure of roads, railway, bridges and canal had been destroyed by fighting and bombing. No gas, electricity or running water in many areas.Homelessness was a huge problem, 50 million people lost their home/been forced to evict their homes
new political landscape
Decline in western European power
1939: European powers : France, Britain, Germany
1945: Britain exhausted resources, people and bankrupt
Germany in ruins after deated
france was occupied
USA and SU emeged as superpower(they were the last one standing)
geographical size, population, economic output and military strength
wartime alliance breakdown
yalta conference
agreement
ussr went into war with japan once germany had surrended. 2. germany was divided into 4 zones, berlin was divided into 4 zone despite being deep in soviet territory. 3. countries liberated from germany were allowed free election. 4. the big three joined united nation. 5. Eastern europe to be soviet sphere of influence. 6. Stalin wants a buffer zone
disagreement and compromise
stalin wants soviet border to move westward of Poland. 2. argued that Poland moves westward into german territory. 3. roosevelt and chruchill are unhappy with stalin's plan. 4. chruchill pursuaded roosevelt to accept as long stalin does not interfere with greece where britain is trying to prevent communism from taking over.
postdam conference
major disagreement
change in leaders
manhattan project
increase of soviet control
continuing Tensions 1949-1950
The Warsaw Pact