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價格與市場功能 Price and Market Function - Coggle Diagram
價格與市場功能
Price and Market Function
(1)
市場與價格
Market and Price
價格是供給與需求互動的結果
Price is result of supply and demand interaction
價格上升 》消費者減少⬇ 》供應者增加⬆
Price increases > buyer decreases > sellers increases
價格下降 》消費者增加⬆》供應者減少⬇
Price decreases > buyer increases > sellers decreases
(2)
價格技能
Functions of Price
資源分配
(Resource allocation)
悉遵傳遞
(Information Signaling)
提供誘因
(Providing Incentives)
平衡市場
(Balancing the Market)
(3)
工序理論
Theory of Supply and Demand
價格上升⬆ 》需求減少⬇
Price increases > demand decreases
價格減少 ⬇ 》需求上升
⬆
Price decreases > demand increases
市場均衡點 = 供需相等
(Market Equilibrium = supply equals demand)
(4)
價格彈性
Price Elasticity
衡量價格變動對需求的影響
Measures how much demand changes when price changes
(5)
剩餘概念
Surplus Concept
消費者剩餘
(Consumer surplus)
生產者剩餘
(Producer surplus)
(6)
實例分析
Case study examples
IC 晶圓：用於 BMW, AUDI, VOLVO
DRAM 記憶體：價格因需求上升而漲
高級汽車：鏡片供應影響價格