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Causes of the SCW - Coggle Diagram

- - - - concentration of dissatisfied workers= growth in trade unions and strikes
      - for upper classes - fear of social revolution (seen as evidence)
  - - - want for autonomy to Catalonia (formation of Liga regionalista) and Basque region (formation of Partido Nacionalista Vasco)
        
        (independence sentiments grew with the increasing growth of economic independence of areas)
        
        Separatists argued that the significant economic contributions being provided by the regions were not being valued by central gov.
        
        only 1/20 of Catalan contributions to state revenue were being used in public spending of the region
        
        leftists were prepared to give some independence, rightists wanted to maintain a unified spain
    - - came to power through military coup + established himself as dictator
        
        (until 1923 Spain was a constitutional monarchy with an elected cortes, but elections were heavily influenced by wealthy landowners or industrialists)
        
        Reforms were too much for left and too little for right:
        
        arbitration committees to manage disputes between industrial workers and employers
        
        government investments in program of public works to increase job opportunities
        
        proposals to reform the army and decrease army budget
        
        reforms were costly - alienating reformers and conservative elites who resented financial burdens
        
        end of monarchy + De Rivera's Dictatorship Jan 28. 1930
        
        April election results: democratic republic
- - - - Agrarian reforms:
        
        Law of Municipal Boundaries (28 April 1931)
        
        Law of Obligatory Cultivation (May 7 1931)
        
        often ignored by landowners
        
        Agrarian Reform Law (9 Sept. 1932)
        
        only succeeded in resettling 10% of the 60 000 families it aimed to help
        
        Institute of Agrarian Reform
      - Urban workers reforms
        
        7 days paid leave per annum
        
        8 hour working day
        
        some social security benefits (restricted)
        
        freedom to strike without fear of dismissal
      - Anti-clerical reforms
        
        teaching by religious orders banned
        
        prohibition of displaying religious images in public buildings
        
        end to state financial support to church
        
        legalization of divorce and civil marriage
        
        needed permission by gov. to place religious images in public
        
        spain as secular state
      - Military reforms
        
        officer numbers reduced
        
        investigation into the officers that had been promoted under De Rivera's dictatorship
        
        position of lower ranks for pro-republican soldiers
        
        conservative military schools closed down
      - Separatists reforms
        
        Catalan Statute (Sept. 1932)
        
        Established Catalan Parliament
        
        Catalan taxation (1/3 under control of C parliament)