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Lecture 2: Classical Conditioning (Behaviorism) - Coggle Diagram
Lecture 2: Classical Conditioning (Behaviorism)
Key Concepts
Behaviorism
Focus on observable behavior. Learning = behavior change due to the environment.
Classical Conditioning
Learning through association (Pavlov’s dog)
Important Terms
NS (Neutral Stimulus): No response initially.
UCS (Unconditioned Stimulus): Naturally causes response.
UCR (Unconditioned Response): Natural reaction to UCS.
CS (Conditioned Stimulus): Previously NS, now causes response.
CR (Conditioned Response): Learned response to CS.
Stages of Conditioning
Before: NS ➝ No response | UCS ➝ UCR
During: NS + UCS ➝ UCR
After: CS ➝ CR
Types of Conditioning
Delayed: NS before UCS
bell presented before food until dog begin to salivate
Simultaneous: NS = UCS
Bell and food
presented simultaneously
Trace: NS ends before UCS starts
Bell rung, but
food presented only once the
sound stop
Backward: UCS before NS
Food presented
before the bell
Key Phenomena
Extinction: CR weakens if UCS is absent
Spontaneous Recovery: CR returns after rest
CR yg telah terhapus boleh muncul kembali tanpa adanya pelaziman tambahan
Generalization: Similar stimuli ➝ Same response
all snake bite
Discrimination: Respond only to specific CS
somee snake are nice
Higher-order Conditioning: New NS becomes CS by association with old CS
Sensory Preconditioning: Pair two NS before any conditioning
Associative Bias
Associations between certain stimuli are more
likely to be made. (kfc brand +food)
Importance of Contingency- NS + UCS = UCR
(kesinambungan antara dua rgsn
NS and UCS)
