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EQ2: Why might regeneration be needed? 4A.4 - 4A.6 - Coggle Diagram
EQ2: Why might regeneration be needed? 4A.4 - 4A.6
4A.4a
'successful regions' with low levels of multiple deprivation.
key characteristics of a 'successful' place?
High GDP and low levels of multiple deprivation.
Low crime rate and accessible transport links
Common factors that these regions share
- highly skilled young international workforce, government intervention aiding it, large workforce, TNCs, specialised industry.
Case study 'successful' regions
Shenzhen, China
Shenzhen is home to many high tech firms and its GDP reached 475 billion dollars in 2022. Shenzhen was the first ever special economic zone in 1980.
Bangalore, India - 'India's silicon valley'
1.5 million people in the IT sector alone
major outsourcing hub.
Silicon Valley, California
The home of many major TNCs such as: Apple, google, Meta and Tesla. More than 400,000 people work in tech roles in the silicon valley.
Canary Wharf, London
Known as the UK's financial powerhouse it had a GDP in 2022 of £503 billion employing over 12,000 people
Major area for TNC activity home to over 150 major firms such as HSBC and Barclays.
Government policy - Thatcher's free market economics (deregulation and the cutting of red tape) transformed Canary Wharf into the
Positive multiplier effect - success breeds success
Some of these areas are becoming victims of their own success...
See articles on Canary Wharf and San Francisco
Inflated houses prices
social tensions / divisions
Loss of green spaces
4A.4b -
economic
restructuring has triggered a spiral of decline (unsuccessful places)
Case study 'unsuccessful' regions
Glasgow, West Scotland
Redcar, North Yorkshire
Detroit, USA
Key characteristics of these places
High levels of multiple deprivation, high crime rates
Poor building and environmental quality
lack of diversity in the economy, high unemployment rates
Common factors
Low levels of eduction
20% of people in both Redcar and Glasgow have no qualifications.
Loss of an industry
poorer levels of health
12% of residents in Detroit have no health insurance.
higher rates of deprivation
32% of residents in Detroit live in poverty
