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Sebastian and Hernandez-Gil (2012) - Coggle Diagram
Sebastian and Hernandez-Gil (2012)
AO1
Aim
to investigate the development of the phonological loop in Spanish children 5-17 using digit span to measure phonological capacity.
Compare findings to previous research of adult aged and dementia patients.
Procedure
570 volunteers, public and private school, primary and secondary in Madrid. no cognitive difficulties
3 sequences of three digits at one second rate. listen and recall in the same order. digit added every round. example given
digit span taken as maximum length recalled in 2/3 takes with no errors
digit span for elderly/ dementia. same procedure as study one.
Findings
digit span increases with age: 5 - 3.76 mean, 15-17: 5.83
digit span rises steadily from 5-11, slows at 11, stable ar 15-17
ower digit span for spanish speaking kids than english ( word length effecy - longer word - longer recall - less remembered
elderly has higher digit span than 5/6
digit span of elderly is not that different to other groups
patients with dementia has similar digiht span to 5/6
Conclusion
phonological loop is affected by age not dementia - healthy old people had a digit span of 7 year old while dementia was 6.
AO3
Generalisability
high generalisability - uses a range of Spanish kids, private school, public primary and secondary. Large sample - controlled for participant variables. Representative of target population
can't apply to everyone as those with cognitive difficulties weren't included. Only from Madrid
Reliability
standardised procedures - same order of tasks. one digit per second. can easilt replicate.
Application
helps us understand phonlogical loop - gives WMM vailidity
helps us understand why spanish digit span is lower - word length effect
helps us understand working memory is affected by dementia
Validity
digit span is a clear measure of phonlogical loop, lab experiemnt, same task and control. large sample: low participant variables
low ecological validity - artificial task low mundance realism
but carried out in school natural environment familiar