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Development and Maintenance of PTSD - Coggle Diagram
Development and Maintenance of PTSD
Physical Health Issues
Asthma
Metabolic issues such obesity and diabetes
Heart disease
Chronic pain/ muscle tension
Physiological factors :
Upregulation of inflammatory cytokines
Hypersensitivity
Higher activation in the amygdala & Hippocampus
Higher cortisol levels
Inability to sleep
Psychological factors
Feelings of shame, guilt, and self-blame. Particularly seen among females compared to males.
Difficulty expressing one's emotions
Women are more likely to report intense fear, helplessness and horror at the time of the trauma
Engaging in avoidance behaviors such as avoiding reminders of the trauma. This reinforces fear.
Negative self-beliefs
Social
Engaging in risk-taking behaviors such as substance abuse
Inreased vulnerability to victimization by intimate partners or in work or therapy settings.
Living in high-crime areas. This is commonly seen among minority populations
Isolating from others
Women are more likely to be exposed to chronic high-impact traumas such as childhood sexual abuse and rape
Men are more likely to display aggressive behaviors while woman are more likely to engage in avoidance coping strategies such as drinking.