Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
HEALTH AND MEDICINE OVER TIME - Coggle Diagram
HEALTH AND MEDICINE OVER TIME
Before 1750
Romans
Professional medical treatment was expensive, so ordinary people used herbal medicines
The most famous doctor was Galen, thought that the humors could be rebalanced using opposites.
Prehistory
serious illnesses were treated by ´medicine men´
Illnesses had supernatural causes, such as vengeful gods or evil spirits
They also had natural causes, as an injury from hunting or an insect bite
The treatment was to use a combination of ritual, prayer, herbs and basic surgery
Greeks
The Ancient Greeks were reflective inquirers, they saw the gods as important to health, like Asclepius.
Greek thinkers, and doctors attempted to understand what causes illnesses through observation
From observations they discovered the body fluids
Middle ages
The Cristian Church´s power had grown.
A catastrophic epidemic called the Black death spread from Asia to Europe. It killed over 40 per cent of the population.
Doctors used a number of different treatments for illnesses
Women were not permitted to go to university and could not train to be proffesional doctors
The rennaissance
There were a number of medical breakthroughs
Vesalius believed that was important for knowledge and understanding for doctors to perform human dissections
Paré´s major achievment was in surgey.
Before, for deep wounds amputations doctors cauterized the wound with hot iron. Paré instead would use bandages and tie the end of arteries using silk thread to stop the bleeding.
The problem was that Paré did not have
antiseptics and desinfectants
, and therefore, the threads took infections deep into the wound
William Harvey made breakthroughts in understanding the circulation of the blood in the human body
THE ENLIGHTENMENT
By the 1700s
A scientific revolution which focused in scientific explanations
Scientist prooved old ideas were wrong
They created the
microscope
The Catholic Church no longer dominated education
20th century
WWI
Blood loss
Different blood groups were identified
French doctors developed the "Triage system"
Blood could be stored by separing the liquid part of the blood , the plasma, from the corpuscles
Infections
Doctors found that cutting away infected tissue and soaking the wound in saline had the best result
Surgery
Broken bones were common, and new techniques were tried to repare them
WWII
Surgical techniques
They developed treatments for severe burns
They pionered reconstructive plastic surgery with a new form of skin grafts
They researched "biogenic agents" that would aid healing
They found a sophisticated blood transfusion system
Combating diseases
The war brought hundreds of thousands of troops into contact with mosquitos and the treath of malaria
They found that one tablet of Mepacrine a day could limit the spread of malaria
They also used Atebin against malaria
Soldiers were also immunized against tetanus before being sent into battle and this proved to be really effective
Penicilin
There were 2 releases, one in 1939 and other in 1945
It was used to fight infections and to pevent gangrene
It increased survival rates
Its production was very slow and costly
Public health
Gorvenments intervened to improve public health after the WWII
A government commision was set up during the war, to offer benefits for all people after the war
Hundred of thousands of new homes were built
19th century
There was a growth in the population, so health problems grews with them
Poor housing
Overcrowding
Dirty water
Poor santitation
There were also key positive factors for medical progress