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Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement - Coggle Diagram

- - - - experts on the topic
  - - - saving their leisure areas.., reach out to surfers ex..
    - - helping tourism
- - - - equivalent to removing acid from ocean - accelerates oceans natural carbon sink
        
        Ocean Natural Carbon sink (more info)
    - - pump NaOH into ocean
    - - Research bodies (CSIRO, universities)
      - Government agencies (environment, energy)
      - Coastal communities & Traditional Owners
      - Fisheries & tourism operators
    - - How much base needed to change the ocean Ph? affect ecosystems?
        
        https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-025-02248-7
    - - Real-time pH / TA sensors in deployment zone
      - Air-Sea CO2 Flux measurement
  - - - Con: transport of minerals to ocean = carbon emission, grinding and mining of minerals = energy usage
        
        Pros: lots of access to these resources, no waste resource (ie acid)
        
        sourcing of minerals?
      - CO2 sequestration
      - Certain minerals release byproducts that can harm ocean life/ecosystem
  - - - average surface ocean pH 30% increase in acidity since industrial revolution
      - decline in coral calcification (growth/repair) due to less calcium carbonate (taken up by excess H+)
        
        great barrier reef as most prime location in australia to implement
        
        tourism
        
        largest coral reef in world (3,581 individual reefs)
        
        ocean circulation, photosynthesis and respiration also impact reef pH
      - CaCO3 shells dissolving for plankton
        
        less CO32- to use for making the shells in the first place (shift in equilibrium)
        
        more energy required to make and keep shells
        
        life processes of plankton compromised - eventual extinction?
        
        acidic ocean water dissolves the already-made CaCO3
  - - - big coastal cities
        
        human impact
      - coral reefs
        
        reversing ocean acification