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Mechanisms - Coggle Diagram
Mechanisms
Rotatory motion mechanisms
2.1 Friction drive
This is made up of two or more wheels that are in contact
Wheel 1 is called the primary drive wheel. When it moves, it turns or drives the output wheel 2 causing it to move aswell
The output wheel rotates in the opposite direction to the primary wheel. If we use more than two wheels, each one rotates in the opposite direction.
Pulleys with belts
These are two pulleys or wheels that are a certain distance apart
The rotation of one axle is transmitted to the other via the connected pulleys.
Gear mechanisms and cogwheels
Cog wheels are sets of wheels that have teeth called cogs.
All the teeth need to be the same shape and size
Worm gear
Each time the screw rotates the gear moves forward as many teeth as grooves in the screw
Gear mechanisms with a chain
These are two cogwheels with parallel axles that are a certain distance apart
They rotate simultaneously, by means of a metal chain or a toothed neopreme belt streched over both wheels
The chain transmits the rotatory motion of axle 1 to axle 2 via gears 1 and 2.
Pulley trains with belts
The rotary motion of axle 1 is transmitted to axle 2 via the
sttetched belt that connects them
The motion of pulley 3 is transmitted to pullev 4 via the belt that
connects them. All the pulleys rotate in the same direction
Gear train
The rotary motion of the first wheel 1 drives the second wheel 2
Wheel 3 rotates at the same time as wheel 2 and drives wheel 4
When there are two wheels, each connected geared wheel rotates
in the opposite direction to its partner
Mechanisms that transform motion
3.1. From rotary into linear motion
Rack and pinion
This uses a pinion mounted on a rack
When the pinion rotates, the rack advances in a linear motion
nut and bolt
This consists of a bolt or threaded bar and a nut that has the
same interior diameter as the diameter of the bolt
If the bolt rotates and the nut can't turn, the nut moves in a linear
motion along the threaded axle
If the nut rotates in a fixed position the bolt will move in a lmear
motion.
Wich (and crack handle)
This consists of a crank handle attached to the axle of a cylindrical drum (or wich)
The crank is used to turn the wich
from rotary into reciprocating motion
This is composed of a crank and a ron called a connecting rod oe link
This rod has articulated join at each end - one is connected to the crank and the other to the slider
crankshaft
This a set of connecting rods attachedtoa jointed axle.Each of the joints of the axle acts as a crank
Cam
This is a basically a rotating shape that pushes a 'follower' - as it moves
A cam transforms rotary motion into reciprocating motion in the follower or bar. This is touched and moved by te edge of the cam when it moves
1.1 Linear motion mechanisms
Levers
A lever is a rigid bar that is used with a point of support or a fulcrum.
Types of levers: There are three types of levers- class 1, class 2 and class 3
They're classified acording to the position of the load and effort applied in relation to the fulcrum.
Fixed pulleys
A fixed pulley is balanced when the effort, F, is equal to load, R. F = R
Moveable pulleys
A moveable pulley is balanced when it fulfils this equation: F = R/2
Compound pulleys
