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Water cycle + Insecurity - Coggle Diagram
Water cycle + Insecurity
Drought
Nature
- complex process related to absence of water - chronic hazard can be very long-term
types
- Meteorological - when weather patterns lead to short-term precipitation deficit
- Hydrological - when drainage basin reacts to deficit with low water levels
- Agricultural - when crops become affected
- Socioeconomic - when people affected through demand for goods exceeding supply because of the drought
Physical
precipitation deficit
- continued low precipitation compared to expected amount will affect water budget
Hydrological causes
- following deficit, drainage basin may rely upon its stores for water to flow
- once stores = fully utilised basin will be in hydrological drought
Human
Over-abstraction
- removal of water from aquifers, river + reservoirs for irrigation, industrial + domestic use is unsustainable if not replaced by precipitation
Desertification
- removal of vegetation in semi-desert areas can lead to land becoming desert due to increased erosion of soil by wind -> reduces ability of remaining vegetation to grow
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