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LANGUAGE - Coggle Diagram
LANGUAGE
as
"object"
"Artificial system to teach grammar".
"Grammar Translation Method".
Vocabulary Memorization
Focus on grammar rules
Translation exercises
Use of native language
Gaining reading proficiency and being "scholarly"
"Communicative Competence"
"Natural Approach".
Stephen Krashen & Tracy Terrel
Input Hypothesis
Meaningful communication
Natural Communication
Stress-Free Environment
"Affective filter"
"CC"
is also a principle of language teaching.
Learning a new language is best achieved through meaningful communication.
as
"tool"
"Sociocultural Theory".
Lev Vygotsky
'Language develops through "social interaction"
The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
"The difference between what a learner can do independently and what they can do with the help of others".
According to Gabriel Díaz Maggioli, teachers should
help
and
support
the students, but should NOT facilitate the answer or provide them simplified.
Scaffolding
Support provided by a more knowledgeable person
Internalization
as
"evidence of cognition"
"If we observe verbalizations or externalizations of new knowledge in students, we have used language as evidence of cognition." Gabriel Diaz Maggioli
"A
good teacher
is one who generates cognition in their students". Gabriel Diaz Maggioli
Scaffolding strategies
Modelling
Teachers serve as models of fluent and correct language use.
Contextualize
"Meaningful learning".
Principles of language teaching.
Subsume new information into existing structures and memory systems.
Prior-knowledge
"Contextualized Instruction"
Children learn a language in an environment in which they have authentic or real reasons to use the language.
Represent
"Storytelling"
Authentic form of communication
Introduces new cultures
Teach in an entertaining way
Develops critical thinking skills
as an
"enabler of participation"
"When a student learns, they can participate more; if they don't learn, they don't participate." Gabriel Diaz Maggioli
"Sociocultural Theory"
. Lev Vygotsky
Learning occurs through
meaningful participation
in social and cultural contexts.
Language as a
tool
.
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
Participation in real-life language use helps learners move from what they can do with help to what they can do independently.
Students should be able to learn a language since, according to
Noam Chomsky
, they are preprogrammed and genetically endowed to do so.
"Universal Grammar".
Innateness Hypothesis
Built-in capacity for language
Language Acquisition Device
A hypothetical mental system or “module” in the brain
Poverty of the Stimulus:
Children learn language despite often receiving incomplete or incorrect input.