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Lower Extremities - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Tibial N (posterior leg & plantar foot)
        
        injury causes loss of sole sensation, inability to plantar flex
      - Common Fibular (Peroneal) N
        
        Superficial Fibular (lateral leg)
        
        Deep Fibular (anterior leg, dorsum of foot)
        
        wraps around fibular neck (injury causes foot drop, cannot dorsiflex)
- - - - longest vein in the body
      - starts on the medial foot
      - runs up the medial leg/thigh (passes through saphenous opening in fascia lata)
      - drains into femoral vein
      - used for coronary bypass surgeries
      - palpable anterior to medial malleolus
      - originates on medial dorsal venous arch of foot
    - - starts on lateral foot (lateral side of dorsal venous arch)
      - runs up on posterior leg
      - palpable posterior to lateral malleolus
      - drains into popliteal vein
- - - - contains : great saphenous vein , lymph nodes , fat
    - - contains small saphenous vein , fat
  - - - forms lateral thickening (iliotibial tract)
      - runs from iliac crest to lateral tibia (Gerdy's tubercle)
      - insertion for tensor fasciae latae + gluteus maximus
      - divides thigh into compartments via intermuscular septa
        
        Anterior (quads, femoral nerve)
        
        Medial (adductors, obturator nerve)
        
        Posterior (hamstrings, sciatic nerve)
    - - continuous with fascia lata superiorly
      - divides leg into 3 compartments
        
        Anterior (Dorsiflexors, toe extensors , Deep fibular nerve)
        
        Lateral (Everters , Superficial fibular nerve)
        
        Posterior (Plantarflexors , Tibial nerve)
        
        via
        
        Anterior intermuscular septum
        
        Posterior intermuscular septum
        
        Transverse intermuscular septum
        
        Interosseous membrane
    - - Superior/inferior extensor
        
        Anterior ankle (extensor tendons)
      - Flexor retinaculum
        
        Medial ankle (TDAVN: Tibialis posterior, Flexor Digitorum longus, Artery, Vein, Nerve, Flexor Hallucis longus)
      - Superior/inferior fibular
        
        Lateral ankle (fibularis tendons)
- - - - Popliteal A
        
        Posterior Tibial A
        
        Medial & Lateral Plantar A
        
        Peroneal A (lateral leg)
        
        runs behind medial malleolus
        (covered by flexor retinaculum)
        
        descends deep to soleus , runs with tibial n
        
        behind the knee, in the popliteal fossa
        
        Anterior Tibial A
        
        runs in anterior leg until ankle joint (in the interosseous membrane)
        
        Dorsalis Pedis
        
        can be palpated lateral to the extensor hallucis longus tendon
      - after external iliac passes under inguinal lig
      - main artery of anterior thigh
      - located in femoral triangle (with vein + nerve)
      - branches: deep femoral , lateral & medial circumflex femoral a.
      - runs in adductor canal , passes through adductor hiatus to become politeal a
      - under inguinal lig -> femoral triangle -> anterior thigh (adductor canal) -> adductor hiatus