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Game Theory, Battle of the Sexes, Imperfect Information, Nim Game, Adam…
Game Theory
The study of mathematical models of strategic interaction among rational agents when their choices affect each other.
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Applications
International Relations
Countries use game theory to plan strategies during conflict and peace. Eg: Mutual Assured Destruction, where nuclear powers avoid war because attacking would lead to mutual loss
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Evolutionary Game Theory
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John Maynard Smith
A biologist who used game theory to study animal behavior. He showed how strategies evolve in nature and why some behaviors survive while others disappear
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Common Game Scenarios
Hawk-Dove Game
Two animals compete for food. Hawks fight, doves avoid fighting. If both act like hawks, they get hurt. If one is a dove, it backs off. This game shows when it’s better to fight or give up
These games are examples that help explain how people or AI make decisions. They show how choices, trust, and guessing what others will do can affect the outcome
Stag Hunt
Two people can hunt a big animal together or hunt alone for a small one. Hunting the stag gives more food, but only if both cooperate. It shows how trust is important in teamwork
⅔ Guessing Game
Everyone picks a number between 1 and 100. The winner is the one closest to 2/3 of the average of all guesses. It’s about thinking ahead about what others will guess
2-Finger Morra
Each player holds out 1 or 2 fingers at the same time. If the total is even, one wins. if odd the other guy wins. It’s about guessing what the other person will do and choosing accordingly
Monty Hall Problem
You choose 1 of 3 doors on a game show. One hides a prize, two have goats. The host shows a goat behind another door and gives you the option to switch. It’s better to switch because it increases your chance of winning to 2 out of 3
Prisoner’s Dilemma
Two prisoners are offered a deal to betray each other. If both betray, they each get 5 years. If one betrays and the other stays silent, the betrayer goes free and the silent one gets 10 years. If both stay silent, they get 1 year each. Rationally, each betrays, resulting in 5 years each resulting in a worse outcome than mutual silence
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Battle of the Sexes
A couple wants to go out together. One likes movies, the other prefers a concert. Being together is more important than the activity, but they still have to agree on what to do. It’s about finding a balance
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Nim Game
There are piles of objects. Players take turns removing items from one pile. The goal is to avoid being the one who takes the last object
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