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Business, Government, Society - Coggle Diagram
Business
Finances
🟦 5.1 Business Finance
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│ └─ Business failure: bankruptcy, liquidation
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│ ├─ Why businesses need finance (start-up, survival, growth)
🟦 5.2 Sources of Finance
│ ├─ Internal: retained earnings, asset sales, working capital
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│ │ ├─ Equity: share capital, new partners
│ │ ├─ Debt: loans, overdrafts, debentures, mortgages
│ │ ├─ Others: venture capital, leasing, trade credit, grants, crowdfunding
│ ├─ Factors influencing finance choice: cost, control, flexibility, purpose
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🟦 5.4 Costs
│ ├─ Types: fixed, variable, direct, indirect
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🟦 5.5 Budgets
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│ ├─ Types: incremental, zero, flexible
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🟥 10.2 Ratio Analysis
│ ├─ Profitability: ROCE, gross margin, net margin
│ ├─ Liquidity: current ratio, acid-test
│ ├─ Efficiency: inventory turnover, receivables/payables days
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📈 Marketing
📊 Market Research
│ ├─ 🟦 Purpose (market size, trends, etc.)
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│ ├─ 🟦 Sampling methods (random, quota, stratified)
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💼 Marketing Mix – 4Ps
🛍️ Product
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│ │ └─ 🟥 Product development (R&D, innovation)
💵 Price
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│ │ ├─ 🟦 Cost-based, competition-based, value-based
│ │ ├─ 🟦 Penetration, skimming, psychological, dynamic
│ │ └─ 🟥 Elasticity: PED, YED, promotional
📢 Promotion
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│ │ ├─ 🟦 Below-the-line: sales promos, PR, etc.
│ │ ├─ 🟦 Digital marketing, branding
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🏪 Place
│ ├─ 🟦 Retail, wholesale, direct
│ ├─ 🟦 E-commerce, physical distribution
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💡 Nature of Marketing
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│ ├─ 🟦 Markets (local, national, global)
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│ ├─ 🟦 Demand, supply & price
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Operations
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🟥 9.1 Location and Scale
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│ ├─ Local, national, international decisions
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