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Coasts - EQ 2 - Coggle Diagram
Coasts - EQ 2
Importance of erosional processes
Hydraulic action
force of water itself breaking up rock - can cause rock breakdown + cracks to develop in cliffs
Influence of lithology - softer rocks e.g. chalk, mudstone + clays are most vulnerable
Influence of waves: most effective in high energy destructive waves, with a large wave height
Abrasion
involves waves picking up sediment and throwing it against rock
repeated nature chips away at rock structure
Influence of lithology - softer rocks, including poorly cemented sandstones, chalk + clay are broken down quickly
Influence of waves: occur in the swash + backwash zone, most effective in stronger wave areas
Attrition
the transported material in the sea bashing each other which reduces the material size and rounds the shape
Influence of lithology:
boulder clay/weaker rocks e.g. clay + shale erode easily
attacks the joint of magma cooled rocks, weakening structure
Influence of waves - high energy waves, with a large wave height are most effective
Corrosion
wave water dissolves rock minerals, leaves the rock and minerals in 'solution'
Influence of lithology: - carbonate rocks e.g. limestones, and sedimentary rocks are easily eroded here
Influence of waves: - most effective in constructive waves as force is not applicable - long wavelength
constructive vs destructive waves
constructive
low energy waves - low-fat wave height - long wavelength - low wave frequency - strong swash, pushing sediment up the beach, but weak backwash, so deposition occurs on the beach
Destructive
high energy waves - large wave height - short wave length - high wave frequency - little energy lost through friction, strong backwash carrying material away from the beach
Erosional landforms
wave cut platform
wave attack bottom of cliff