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phisics igcse 1, critical angle= minimum angle of incidence at which -…
phisics igcse 1
refraction
transparent bending light
light travels from one medium to another
refraction at boundry
bends towards normal when entering(opposite if leaving)
goes back to original angle
refracted ray
incident ray
normal=same as with reflection
from air to glass->slows bends towards normal
happens when light passes from different mediums
or regions(hot to cold water)
speed of light=c=300.000.000m/s
vacumm= 2.998x10^8
air=2.997
water=2.254
perspex=2.00
glass=1.800-2.000
diamond=1.250
crit ang 25°
crit ang 42°
crit ang 49°
refractive index, n=speed in vacuum/speed in material
ratio of speeds of a light wave in two different media
sin(i)/sin(r)=always same for material= n of second medium relative to first
light, travels straight
bounces on shiny surface(reflection)
ray which hits mirror=incident ray
reflected ray(wave)
angle of reflection
equal angles
brain assumes light travels in straight line from behind mirror
objects in plane mirror->same size, distance, inverted, virtual
angle of incidence
normal=line at 90°on mirror where icident ray touches
ray box to show
internal reflection occurs
pit of light reflects instead of refracts
light directed along radius of block
optical fibers
light bounces through tot int ref so no light is lost
endoscope(used to see inside body)
thin converging lense
fatter converges sooner
magnefying glass
object viewed in mag glass is closer to lense than principal focus
ray 1 is refracted not ray 2
spreqding apart
virtual, upright, enlarged, further from lense than object
finisce opposto
forming an immage
focus with conv lense immage of light bulb onto white paper
immage is inverted on both axis & smaller
critical angle= minimum angle of incidence at which
sin(crit ang)=refractive index of denser(light coming from/lesser(light goes)
crit ang only exists when light from denser to not
after crit ang total int ref
