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Designing HVAC Systems for Buildings. - Coggle Diagram
Designing HVAC Systems for Buildings.
Air Conditioning
Cooling and Heating Load Calculation.
Use Hourly Analysis Program (HAP) to determine cooling and heating loads for each room.
Apply ASHRAE standards to determine U-values, indoor/outdoor temperatures, and dry bulb/wet bulb temperatures.
Incorporate building-specific data: room dimensions, insulation materials, and occupancy patterns.
Generate comprehensive reports for further system selection.
System Selection.
Compare system options: DX split units for small applications and VRF systems for flexibility in larger homes.
Provide practical examples to demonstrate the selection process.
Match load requirements with system capacities using manufacturer catalogues.
VRF Systems – Duct Sizing and Air Distribution Components:
duct sizing calculations using velocity and pressure drop criteria.
Select and size supply and return grills for optimal airflow distribution.
Calculate airflows and choose flowbars and linearbars based on room aesthetics and requirements.
Ventilation
Extract Air Ventilation System.
Identify rooms requiring extraction
Calculate airflow rates in CFM using ASHRAE guidelines.
Select exhaust fans or duct-based systems tailored to airflow requirements.
Optimize duct layouts to minimize energy loss and maximize air removal efficiency.
Fresh Air Systems.
Determine fresh air (F.A) requirements for living rooms, bedrooms, and shared spaces.
Design fresh air intake locations to reduce potential contamination (e.g., pollution sources).
Calculate air change rates per hour (ACH) using ASHRAE standards
Integrate systems with HVAC setups, ensuring balanced airflows.
Use energy recovery ventilators (ERVs) for enhanced efficiency and reduced costs.
Louvers, Grills, and Duct Sizing.
Size louvers and grills to ensure proper airflow for extraction and fresh air systems.
duct sizing calculations for ventilation systems, including static pressure and velocity criteria.
Select materials and shapes of ducts based on building constraints and efficiency.
Heating
Floor Heating Systems.
Calculate the required collectors and heating elements based on heat load and floor area.
Discuss hydronic floor heating systems and their advantages.
Explain installation processes: pipe layouts, insulation, and manifold configuration.
Highlight zoning techniques for better control and efficiency.
Radiator Heating Systems.
Sizing radiators based on heat loss in each room..
Provide guidelines for optimal placement (e.g., under windows or along walls).
Discuss the integration of thermostatic valves for improved energy management.