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IA PROMPT NO 21 : WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE AND CULTURE? …
IA PROMPT NO 21 : WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE AND CULTURE?
KEY DEFINITION
Knowledge
refers to Justified True Belief (JTB)
it compasses the various forms of knowing
personal knowledge (acquired through experience, intuition and reflection)
shared knowledge (constructed collectively through systems like science, art, religion and history)
key TOK question: How is knowledge constructed and communicated within different contexts?
Culture
shared beliefs, values, norms, practices and traditions
that define a group of people
It shapes how we interpret the world and influences what knowledge is valued or transmitted
key TOK question: How do cultural perspectives shape what is considered knowledge?
real life example
taboos
Chinese culture is rich with taboos that reflect deep-rooted beliefs and traditions, often influenced by Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism.
The number 4 is considered unlucky in Chinese culture because it sounds similar to the word 死 "death"
This superstition affects modern practices, such as the omission of the fourth floor in buildings or avoiding 4 in phone numbers.
Taboo on writing someone's name in red ink is considered disrecpectful or ominous, as it is traditionally associated with writing the name of the deceased.
This taboo highlights cultural associations between colours and emotions, as well as rituals surrounding death
beliefs
beliefs play a central role in shaping culture, as they help define values, traditions, social norms, and even systems of governance.
Taoism: Belief in Harmony with Nature and the Dao
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is rooted in Taoist beliefs about balance in the body and nature. TCM seeks to align the body's internal energy (Qi) with the natural rhythms of the world. Practices such as acupuncture, herbal medicine, and Tai Chi are popular in Chinese culture and reflect this Taoist understanding of balance
Buddhism: Belief in the Cycle of Rebirth and the Pursuit of Enlightenment
In Chinese culture, many people practice rituals, such as offering incense or food to ancestors, to honor the deceased and ensure they are at peace in the afterlife. This belief in maintaining harmony with the spirits of ancestors reflects the Buddhist view of Karma and the importance of moral conduct in shaping future lives
Confucianism: Belief in Social Harmony and Filial Piety (Its core beliefs emphasize moral behavior, respect for hierarchy, and the importance of relationships, particularly within the family)
The annual Gaokao (college entrance exam) is a high-stakes event for Chinese students, where years of academic preparation culminate in a single examination that can determine their future opportunities
The Chinese Zodiac: Belief in Influence of Heavenly Beings
During the Chinese New Year, which is based on the lunar calendar, the zodiac animal of the year is celebrated. People often consult fortune tellers or look for guidance based on their zodiac sign, believing that certain actions or decisions are more auspicious during specific years
fashion
cultural appropriation in fashion, such as the use of Indigenous designs by major fashion brands
In 2015, Urban Outfitters (US) was criticized for using Navajo patterns in clothing and accessories without permission from the Navajo Nation
The rise of fashion (e.g., brands like Shein and Zara) has led to the decline of traditional textile crafts, such as Indian handloom weaving or Japanese kimono-making
art
A traditional art form where Chinese characters are written with brushes in various styles, such as cursive (caoshu) or regular script (kaishu).
Reflects the integration of artistic expression with language, philosophy, and self-cultivation. :
Malay batik is a traditional fabric-dyeing technique involving wax-resistant designs. Batik patterns often include motifs of flora, fauna, and geometric shapes, influenced by Islamic art.
Ikebana (Flower Arrangement)
The Japanese art of flower arrangement emphasizes simplicity, balance, and harmony.
foods
Older people tend to consume plant based food or traditional food whereas younger generation tend to consume fast-food or modernized traditional food
core theme : knowledge and knower
